中美两国医科院校实验室废弃物处理现状比较  

Comparison on the Current Situation in Laboratory Waste Management among Medical Schools between China and the United States

作　　者：周琪[1] 林夏露 毛国传[1] 王欣[1] 周飞[1] 韩丽媛[1] 赵进顺[1] 邹宝波[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学医学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2015年第9期149-152,共4页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81273111);宁波市科技项目(2012C5019)

摘　　要：为加强实验室废弃物的安全管理,对中美两国高等医科院校的实验室废弃物处理现状进行了分析比较。发现美国高等医科院校普遍设置了专门的管理机构,严格执行实验人员安全培训制度;实验室废弃物分类明确,登记资料齐全。而国内,只有规模较大的医科院校实验室废弃物管理比较到位;但放射性废弃物的处理普遍被忽视;废弃物清运人员也缺乏必要的专业防护知识;医疗废弃物管理经费相对不足。美国医科院校拥有科学规范的实验室废弃物安全管理经验,可为国内管理提供有益借鉴。In order to strengthen the safety management in medical schools in China,the current situation in laboratory waste management among five medical schools in Zhejiang Province in China and two in the United States were compared and studied. And it was analyzed across its process procedures including storage,collection,transportation,and processing costs etc. In the United States,special department of environment,health and safety（ EHS） was set up in every medical school,and bio-safety training was absolutely needed before a faculty,a staff or a student starting to work in a lab. The laboratory waste was classified as well. In addition,the laboratory waste information was clearly marked during transportation. In China,only those larger scale medical schools have good management systems. However,management for the radioactive waste was neglected in most investigated medical schools. Workers transporting the laboratory waste were found mostly to have no training. Budget for the laboratory waste management processing was inadequate. Therefore,the medical schools in United States possess scientific and normative experience in laboratory waste management,which can serve as a beneficial reference for the laboratory waste management in China.

关 键 词：中美两国医科院校 实验室废弃物 安全管理 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]