纯镍中非金属夹杂物的电解萃取  

Electrolytic extraction of non-metallic inclusions in pure nickel

作　　者：柴廷玺[1] 王希靖[1] 王江[2] 王平义[2] 曹爱崇 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学有色金属先进加工与再利用省部共建国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [2]金川集团股份有限公司,甘肃金昌737100

出　　处：《冶金分析》2015年第10期36-41,共6页Metallurgical Analysis

基　　金：甘肃省科技支撑计划资助项目(1104GKCA051)

摘　　要：试验以纯镍N6为对象,采用电解萃取试验将N6中的非金属夹杂物分离并提取。通过试验,确定合理的电解液配比为0.1%Cr2（SO4）3、0.2%~0.4%柠檬酸钠、0.1%~1%FeSO4、0.1%~1%NiSO4、1%NaCl。最佳电解工艺为：电流密度60~80mA/cm2,电解时间24h,实验温度为（20±5）℃,电解液pH值为5~6。在此最佳电解工艺参数下可完成对纯镍N6中非金属夹杂物的电解萃取。借助扫描电镜、能谱分析仪及X射线衍射仪等设备分析非金属夹杂物,结果表明,不同纯镍N6试样中均存在非金属夹杂物,但不同试样中的夹杂物数量与尺寸有所不同;非金属夹杂物主要由硅、铝、钙、镁、铁、氧等元素构成,主要夹杂物包括氧化铝类、硅酸盐、铝酸盐、复相夹杂物以及氮化物类。本研究对金属冶炼和浇注工艺有一定指导意义。The separation and extraction of non-metallic inclusions in pure nickel N6 were studied by electrolytic extraction experiments.The obtained reasonable electrolyte formula was listed as follows：0.1%Cr2（SO4）3,0.2%-0.4% sodium citrate,0.1%-1% FeSO4,0.1%-1% NiSO4 and 1% NaCl.The optimized electrolytic conditions were as below：the current density of 60-80mA/cm2,the electrolytic time of24 h,the experimental temperature of（20±5）℃,and the electrolyte pH of 5-6.The electrolytic extraction of non-metallic inclusions in pure nickel N6 could be realized under the optimized electrolytic parameters above.The non-metallic inclusions were analyzed by the scanning electron microscope（SEM）,energy dispersive spectroscope（EDS）and X-ray diffractometer.The results showed that the non-metallic inclusions existed in various N6 samples.However,the quantity and size of inclusions in different samples were different.The non-metallic inclusions were mainly composed of silicon,aluminum,calcium,magnesium,iron and oxygen.The main inclusion types included aluminum oxides,silicates,aluminates,complex inclusions and nitrides.The study had certain guiding significance to the metal smelting and casting technology.

关 键 词：纯镍N6 电解萃取 电解液 非金属夹杂物 

分 类 号：TF815[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]