性诱剂和植物源引诱剂及色彩对茶蚜雄蚜诱效差异  

Sex Pheromone, Botanical Attractants and Color on Sticky Board for Attracting Male Tea Aphids

作　　者：叶火香[1,2] 韩善捷 祝愿[1] 崔宏春[3] 张嘉荟 韩宝瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院浙江省生物计量及检验检疫技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江省松阳县农业局,浙江松阳323400 [3]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《茶叶学报》2015年第2期117-120,共4页Acta Tea Sinica

基　　金：杭州市科技计划项目(20130432B10)

摘　　要：茶蚜刺吸茶树嫩梢,致茶叶减产和品质下降,已成为许多茶区的主要害虫。秋季短日照诱导茶蚜雄蚜、雌蚜的产生,二者交尾产受精卵越冬。本研究使用分别携带3种茶蚜性诱剂、3种植物源引诱剂的素馨黄粘板,以及油菜花黄、芽绿和素馨黄粘板诱捕深秋时节的茶蚜雄蚜,以减少雌-雄交尾机会而压低越冬基数。结果表明:1性诱剂色板的诱效显著优于植物源引诱剂色板的诱效,后者诱效又优于色板的诱效;2 3种性诱剂诱效之间差异显著,其中以荆芥内酯与荆芥醇1:9比例的性诱剂的引诱力最强;3植物源引诱剂诱效之间有明显差异,以反-2-己烯醛、正戊醇、2-戊烯-1醇、正己醇、顺-3-己烯-1-醇和顺-3-己烯乙酸酯1:1:1:1:5:25比例的引诱剂诱效最佳;4 3种诱虫色板诱效之间有差异,以油菜花黄诱效最好。深秋使用携带茶蚜性诱剂(荆芥内酯:荆芥醇=1:9)的油菜花黄粘板可有效诱捕雄蚜而压低越冬基数,有效地控制春茶至夏茶前期这段时间茶蚜的发生。Tea aphids cause serious yield loss and quality deterioration on the famed local teas. They have become one of the major pests for the plantations in the tea trees growing area. The winged male and wingless female aphids generally emerge to mate in autumn when the day length begins to shorten. They lay eggs to be hatched after the winter. To curtail the population proliferation, the present study used the sticky boards containing sex pheromone, botanic attraetant and/or being colored differently with the rapeseed flower yellow, bud green or jasmine yellow to trap the male aphids in the late season. The results showed that ① the pheromones were very significantly the most attractive to the insects, and the colors the least, among the three categories; ② among the three sex pheromones, the blend of （4aS, 7S, 7aR） -nepetalaetone and （ 1R, 4aS, 7S, 7aR） -nepetalactol at the ratio of 1：9 exerted the best effect; ③ the blend of E-2-hexenal, n-pentanol, 2-penten-1-ol, n-hexanol, Z-3-hexen-l-ol and Z-3-hexenyl acetate at the ratio of 1：1：1：1：5：25 was the best among the botanic attractants tested; ④ the boards of different colors differed in their abilities to attract the aphids as well - the rapeseed flower yellow appeared to be better than the other two. Therefore, in combination, the rapeseed flower yellow sticky boards coated with nepetalactone and nepetalactol at ratio of 1：1 was recommended for the pest control in order to reduce the aphid population in the spring and summer that follow the trapping.

关 键 词：茶蚜 性诱剂 植物源引诱剂 诱虫色板 荆芥内酯 荆芥醇 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]