宪法原理视野下的日本“自卫力解释”  

An Analysis of the Japan's “Constitutional Interpretation of Self-Defense Power” from the Constitutional Principles Perspective

作　　者：胡大路 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《日本研究》2015年第3期1-7,共7页Japan Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金2014年重点项目"中国特色军事法治体系研究"阶段性成果(项目编号:14AZD154)

摘　　要："自卫力解释"是日本自卫队的宪法解释学基础,它不仅违背宪法规范含义,在解释基础、技术、权限方面存在问题,更与宪法原理存在深层次矛盾。日本国宪法扬弃了近代立宪主义以控制军队为核心的理论范式,直接否认了武力对抗的有用性。将宪法第9条置入由序言奠基的规范体系中进行阐述,构建"防御型军队"的主张违背宪法精神实质,不具备合理性。军事权的正当性不能从《联合国宪章》的自卫权中倒推出来,只能缘自宪法授权。"自卫力解释"混淆了制宪权和宪定权,是对宪法主权的僭越。The “Constitutional Interpretation of Self-Defense Power” laid the foundation of the constitutionality of Japan Self-Defense Forces, but it conflicts with constitutional principles profoundly. The Japanese Constitution abolished the modern constitutionalism which concerned how to control the army, but denied the usefulness of armed conflict directly. The Ninth Item of the Japanese Constitution must be interpreted systematically. The argument of “Defensive troops” conflicts with the spirit of constitution, lack with rationality as well. The legitimacy of the army can’t be inferred from the UN Charter, but must be from the constitutional authorization. The interpretation plan confounded the constituent power and constituted power and usurped the sovereignty.

关 键 词：日本国宪法 自卫权 军事权 立宪主义 防御型武力 

分 类 号：D911.01[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]