低功耗经济型区域墒情实时监测系统  

Low-cost and low-power dissipation system to monitor soil water status in real time for areal irrigation management

作　　者：蔡甲冰[1,2] 刘钰[1,2] 白亮亮[1,2] 陈鹤[1,2] 李新 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]国家节水灌溉北京工程技术研究中心,北京100048 [3]北京时域通科技有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第20期88-94,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：十二五科技支撑项目(2012BAD08B01);中国水科院科研专项(JSJBKY1556);留学人员择优资助项目(JS0135012014)

摘　　要：灌区墒情实时监测是现代灌区灌溉管理中的必要部分和基础工作。该文设计了一种利用微功耗处理器的墒情监测仪,仅用2节1号干电池供电,结合GPRS(general packet radio service)数据传输至网络服务器处理分析,从而实现了区域分布式的墒情监测。本系统设计装载4层土壤水分/温度传感器和1层水势传感器,根据灌溉管理需要布设在作物根区不同深度;利用微处理器和设计电路进行土壤墒情等参数的采集、存储、传输和控制,每小时采集1次数据、每日将数据发送至网络服务器。通过在灌区不同区域典型作物生育期内实际运行1 a结果表明,该系统采用干电池或锂离子电池供电,体积小而便于在田间布设,不影响农田耕作,方便经济;监测数据能够及时传送至网络服务器以进行结果处理和灌溉管理。该文同时也对系统特点进行了总结,并指出对该系统进一步改进和研发方向。It is a very important and fundamental work to monitor soil water status in real time for irrigation management in modern irrigation district. This paper presented a system with low cost and low power dissipation to monitor soil water status for areal irrigation management. The instrument of soil water monitoring contains a microcontroller-based system and is powered by 1# dry cell. All of the measurement data would be sent to web server through GPRS（general packet radio services） chipset assembled in it, for analysis and use in irrigation management based on each point of distributed framework. There were 4 sets of soil water content and temperature sensors and 1 set of water potential sensor designed, which could be installed at different depth in the crop root zone to meet the demand of irrigation management. However, it could be configured with less or more sensors in the system according to the channel values of the data acquisition unit, if there was a demand in the field investigation. This process had an advantage to assess the soil moisture more accurately. The microcontroller-based system and designed circuit had the responsibility to collect/log/transfer/control the data of soil water content, temperature and water potential once every 1 h. It was a very low-power dissipation system because the center processor supported energy to each unit when it needed. The interval of data collecting could be scheduled from 30 min to 24 h if necessary. All of the daily data would be transferred to the web server and the user＇s E-mailbox to check out or analyze. Users could receive the alarm information if the monitoring system had errors or was out of gear. They could configure the data logger near the monitoring system in wireless network, or through the internet server using GPRS technology. The designed system was installed in the whole crop growth season in 2014 in Jiefangzha Irrigation Area, Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia. The 10 sets of real-time soil water monitoring systems were set up in t

关 键 词：土壤 监测 区域 低成本 低功耗 微处理器 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]