诱导轮时序位置对离心泵水力性能的影响  

Effect of clocking position of inducer on hydraulic characteristics of centrifugal pump

作　　者：卢金玲[1] 邓佳[1,2] 徐益荣[3] 冯建军[1] 罗兴锜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048 [2]西安热工研究院有限公司,西安710054 [3]乌海电业局,乌海016000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第19期54-60,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279160);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划(11JK0731);教育部博士点基金(20126118130002)

摘　　要：对带有诱导轮的离心泵而言,诱导轮相对叶轮的时序位置非常关键。为探讨时序位置对整台离心泵性能的影响,该文以某单级离心泵为研究对象,采用三维黏性非定常数值方法,对诱导轮相对叶轮的3种不同时序位置下离心泵的内部流动进行了模拟,并分析了其外特性、振动特性、空化特性随时序位置的变化。结果表明:随诱导轮时序位置的变化,离心泵的扬程和效率都是先增大后减小,扬程变化达1.3%,效率变化达1.32%;诱导轮叶片尾部压力面的漩涡逐渐消失。时序效应对叶轮与径向导叶间的动静干涉有影响,从而影响叶轮所受径向力的分布及叶轮内部和径向导叶头部的压力脉动特性;合理的时序位置可以改善离心泵的空化性能。Different circumferential positions of stator/stator, rotor/rotor, stator /rotor have different wake vortex, which has different effects on the downstream blade boundary. This phenomenon is called clocking effect. The clocking effect has been widely used in the radial and axial pneumatic machinery, and the aerodynamic performance has been greatly improved. However, clocking effect is rarely used in hydraulic machinery, especially for hydraulic machinery with inducer. For the viscosity of the water is much larger than that of most gases, large trail vortex may occur at the downstream of vanes of hydraulic machinery, even at low flow velocity. When entering the impeller, this kind of vortex may further develop and mix with each other in the impeller. New vortex may be brought out downstream of the impeller, resulting in a greater impact on overall performance. Thus, the clocking effects may play a more important role in hydraulic machinery than pneumatic machinery. In order to study the influence of clocking effect on centrifugal pump, a single-stage centrifugal pump was selected as the study object, and three-dimensional unsteady viscous numerical method was applied to simulate inner flow in the centrifugal pump at 3 different clocking positions of inducer relative to impeller. The pump mainly consisted of inlet pipe, inducer, impeller, diffuser and outlet pipe. When the angle between reference blade of inducer and reference blade of impeller was 53°, the relative circumferential position was called clocking position 0, named CL0; the clocking position number increased by 1 every increase of 40° clockwise. External characteristics, cavitation characteristics and vibration characteristics were analyzed. It was found that the external characteristics of centrifugal pump were greatly influenced by clocking effects. With the change of clocking position, the head and efficiency of pump first increased and then decreased; the head and efficiency were the highest at CL1. Comparing CL1 with CL0, the head was 1.3% higher

关 键 词：离心泵 叶轮 压力 诱导轮 时序位置 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]