环境政策是“次优”贸易壁垒吗?——兼论中国环境政策的内生性  

Is Environmental Policy a Secondary Barrier? with Discussion of the Endogeneity of Environmental Policy in China

作　　者：李卫兵[1] 杜立[1] 王滨[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学经济学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]武汉纺织大学经济学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《西安财经学院学报》2015年第6期115-121,共7页Journal of Xi’an University of Finance & Economics

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目"环境政策是次优贸易壁垒吗?——基于环境政策内生形成的理论分析与中国数据的实证检验"(2014AC044)

摘　　要：文章构建了一个政治市场模型,从理论上解释了中国环境政策的形成是以污染行业联盟、污染地居民组织和环保民间组织等利益集团为需求方构成的总需求和以政府为供给方构成的总供给达到均衡的内生结果。在此基础上,利用中国29个省市1985-2010年的面板数据,分别在环境规制外生性和内生性的假设条件下进行分析,结果表明中国环境政策具有明显的内生性,而且在内生性下环境规制强度影响净进口额的系数及显著性明显提高。中国的环境政策确实充当着"次优"贸易壁垒,且环境规制与贸易流之间存在双向影响,环境规制加强会导致净进口水平上升,而净进口额增加又会使环境规制放松。This paper builds a political market model to explain in theory that the formation of China’s envi‐ronmental policy is the endogenous equilibrium outcome when the aggregate demand for environmental pol‐icy consisted of individual demand by pollution industry alliances ,local resident organizations and environ‐mental NGOs equals to the aggregate supply for environmental policy consisted of the government .On this basis ,we use the panel data of China’s 29 provinces and cities from 1985-2010 to perform empirical analy‐sis in the case of exogenous and endogenous environmental regulation respectively .The results show that the environmental policy in China is significantly endogenous and the coefficient and significance of the effect of environmental regulation on net imports increase explicitly in the case of endogenous environmen‐tal regulation .Our empirical analysis also reveals that the environmental policy in China is indeed a second‐ary trade barrier and there are mutual influence relations between environmental regulation and trade flows ,namely that strict environmental regulation will lead to increase net import levels and increased net import levels will result in relax environmental policy in turn .

关 键 词：环境政策 贸易壁垒 内生性 外生性 

分 类 号：F740[经济管理—国际贸易] F062.2[经济管理—产业经济]