急性呼吸道感染患儿病原体感染状况及流行病学特征  

Retrospective analysis of nine pathogens infections in children with acute respiratory infection

作　　者：李东明[1] 张硕[1] 陶春凤[1] 曾尚娟[1] 李颖丰[1] 佘尚扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院,南宁530003

出　　处：《中华妇幼临床医学杂志（电子版）》2015年第5期625-628,共4页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：广西卫计委重点课题(重2012022)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨广西南宁地区急性呼吸道感染患儿9种病原体感染状况和流行病学特征。方法选择2011年1月至2014年12月因急性呼吸道感染于广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院住院治疗的23498例患儿为研究对象。采用间接免疫荧光法对23498例患儿血清进行9种病原体免疫球蛋白（IgM）抗体检测[肺炎支原体（MP）、嗜肺军团菌（LP）、Q热立克次体（COX）、肺炎衣原体（CP）、腺病毒（ADV）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、甲型流感病毒（IFA）、乙型流感病毒（IFB）和副流感病毒（PIV）]。本研究遵循的程序符合广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院制定的伦理学标准，得到该伦理委员会批准，并与受试对象监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。结果①23498例患儿中检出病原体呈阳性者为10525例，检出率为44．79％，其中单一病原体阳性的占63．29％，病原体检出率位居前3位者分别为MP（37．37％）、IFB（12．66％）和LP（6．06％）。②〈1岁、1岁～3岁和〉3岁患儿的9种病原体检出率分别为20．95％、64．31%和79．08％。2011—2014年9种病原体检出率分别为54．71％、39．88％、45．05％和43．34％，4年间春季、夏季、秋季和冬季的9种病原体检出率分别为45．37％、38．59％、44．91％和50．08％，在各年龄组、各年度及各季节间检出率比较，差异有统计学意义（X^2=5747．80，182．41，160．28；P〈0．05）。结论南宁地区MP、IFB和LP是急性呼吸道感染患儿的主要病原体，全年均有感染发生，冬季常见，〉1岁儿童易感。Objective To analyze the status and epidemiological characteristics of 9 pathogens infection in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection. Methods From January 2011 to December 2014, a total of 23 498 children with acute respiratory infection were collected into this study. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect immunoglobulin （Ig）M of 9 pathogens test in serum, including Mycoplasma pneumonia （ MP ） , Legionella pneumophila （ LP ） , Coxiella burnetii （ COX ） , Chlamydia pneumoniae （CP）, adenovirus（ ADV）, respiratory syncytial virus（ RSV）, influenza virus A（IFA）, influenza virus B（IFB）, and parainfluenza virus（PIV）]. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Human Being of Maternal and Children Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Informed consent was obtained from the parent of each participating child. Results ①Among 23 498 children, pathogen was identified in 10 525 children （44. 79%）, and one pathogen in6 661 children （63.29%）. The main pathogens were MP（37.37%）, IFB（12.66%）, and LP （6.06%）. ②The positive rates in children aged under one year old, 1-3 years old and over 3 years old were 20.95%, 64.31% and 79.08%, respectively; and it were 54.71%, 39.88%, 45.05% and 43.34% from 2011 to 2014, respectively; and it were 45. 37%, 38. 59%, 44. 91% and 50. 08% in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. There were statistically significant differences among different age periods, years and seasons （x^2=5 747.80, 182.41,160.28;P〈0.05）. Conclusions MP, IFB, and LP were the main pathogens of hospital children with acute respiratory infection in Nanning.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 急性病 病原体 流行病学 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]