不同滴灌施肥策略对棉花氮素利用率和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Methods on Cotton Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization and Yields

作　　者：陶垿 张国龙[1] 温鹏飞[1] 张强[1] 吕新[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第10期34-38,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360301);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD11B02);八师中小企业专项(2014QY13)

摘　　要：在变量施肥和压差式施肥两种不同的施肥方式下,分别研究其不同的灌水和施肥模式对棉花氮素吸收利用及其分配和产量的影响。小区试验设置不同的施肥方式和灌水施肥模式,通过不同灌水施肥模式测定棉株全氮含量,最终测产分析不同滴灌施肥方式对棉花氮素吸收利用和产量的影响。变量施肥植株全氮含量和氮肥利用效率高于压差式施肥,前者比后者平均增产了5.27%。在一次施肥过程的两端施氮肥,中间1/3时间灌水(N-W-N处理)有利于促进棉花生殖器官的生长发育,增加植株全氮在生殖器官中的分配量,显著提高氮素的利用效率,达到增加产量的效果。推荐使用变量施肥方式在一次施肥过程的两端施氮肥,中间1/3时间灌水(N-W-N)的施肥模式。This paper studied the effect of different irrigation and fertilization modes on cotton nitrogen absorption,utilization,distribution and yields under the Variable Control Fertilization mode and the Pressure Differential Fertigation mode.Plot experiment set different fertilization methods and irrigation fertilization modes to measure the total nitrogen of cotton,and eventually analyze cotton nitrogen absorption and utilization and yields under different fertilization methods.The plant nitrogen content and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of Variable Control Fertilization mode is higher than that of Pressure Differential Fertigation mode,and the average yield of the former is higher than that of the later by 5.27%.The N-W-N fertilization model with fertilizer nitrogen at both ends of a fertilization process and irrigation in the middle one-third of the process is conducive to promote the growth and development of cotton reproductive organs,to increase the total nitrogen amount allocated in the cotton reproductive organs,to significantly improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization to finally achieve the effect of increasing production.The fertilization mode（N-W-N）with fertilizer nitrogen at both ends of a fertilization process and irrigation in the middle one-third of the process is recommended.

关 键 词：施肥方式 施肥模式 氮素吸收 棉花产量 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]