不同配方施肥对楸树幼苗生物量分配及养分利用的影响  

Effects of different fertilization formulas on Catalpa bungei seedling biomass allocation and nutrient use efficiency

作　　者：白晶晶[1] 吴俊文[1] 何茜[1] 苏艳[1] 李吉跃[1] 王军辉[2] 董菊兰 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [3]甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所,甘肃天水741022

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2015年第6期91-97,共7页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2012BAD21B0304)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨氮、磷、钾配施对楸树Catalpa bungei苗木生物量分配及养分利用的影响.【方法】选2年生楸树苗木无性系1-4为试验材料,设定12个不同N、P、K配方施肥处理,对苗木生长过程中生物量及养分利用进行监测.【结果和结论】N、P、K配施对生物量累积及分配影响显著,总生物量最大[(331.05±5.21)g·株-1]为处理10(T10)(尿素、钙镁磷肥、硫酸钾均为12 g·株-1),是不施肥对照(CK)的3倍,是单施N肥12 g·株-1处理(CK12)的2倍.当N肥、K肥量固定时,随着P肥施肥量增加,苗木根系生物量比例先升高后降低,当施P肥12g·株-1时,苗木根系生物量比例达到最大.不同处理对苗木N、P、K含量影响显著,其中T10的N、P、K含量最高,分别为(5.32±0.17)、(0.84±0.07)和(4.89±0.11)g·株-1,是CK的5、6和8倍;N最高施肥效率为T10[(57.11±0.94)g·g-1].综合分析得出,适当比例N、P、K配施能够有效提高楸树苗木生物量,提高苗木N、P、K含量和氮肥利用效率,P肥对苗木根系生物量的积累有显著作用.【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on Catalpa bungei seedling biomass allocation and nutrient use efficiency. 【Method】 Biennial C. bungei seedling clone 1-4 was selected as experimental material, twelve different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization treatments were set, and the growth biomass and nutrient use efficiency were determined.【Result and conclusion】 Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization had a significant effect on the biomass accumulation and allocation; treatment 10 （12 g·plant^-1 urea,12 g·plant^-1 calcium magnesium phosphate, 12 g·plant^-1 potassium sulfate） had the maximum total biomass[（331.05±5.21） g·plant^-1], three times of no fertilization（CK）and two times of single nitrogen fertilization of 12 g·plant^-1 （CK12）. When fertilization of N and K was fixed, the proportion of seedling root biomass initially increased, then decreased with increasing P fertilization,and the maximum value appeared when 12 g·plant^-1 P fertilization was set. Different treatments had a significant effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of seedling. Treatment 10 was the maximum in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents [ （5.32±0.17）,（0.84±0.07） and （4.89±0.11） g·plant^-1],which were 5, 6 and 8 times of CK respectively. The maximum nitrogen fertilization efficiency was treatment 10,（57.11±0.94） g·g^-1. Based on comprehensive analyses, the appropriate proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization can increase biomass and improve nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents and nitrogen use efficiency of C. bungei seedling. Furthermore, potassium significantly affects the root biomass accumulation.

关 键 词：楸树 幼苗 配方施肥 生物量分配 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S723.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]