新加坡公共住房政策可以移植到中国吗?——以广州为例  

TRANSFERABILITY OF SINGAPORE'S PUBLIC HOUSING POLICY TO CHINA: A CASE STUDY OF GUANGZHOU

作　　者：魏宗财[1] 陈婷婷[2,3] 李郇[2,3] 钱前[4] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学城市规划及设计系 [2]中山大学地理科学与规划学院 [3]中山大学城市化研究院 [4]南京大学城市规划设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《城市规划》2015年第10期91-97,共7页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271138);北京大学-林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心论文奖学金课题项目;香港政府博士生奖学金项目

摘　　要：如何解决中低收入群体的住房问题是世界各国政府共同面对的难题。新加坡建立了世界上覆盖面最广的公共住房制度,为世人所瞩目。然而,新加坡成功的住房政策能否移植到正处于转型期且大规模建设保障性住房的中国?如果可以,能在多大程度上移植?首先,基于分析新加坡住房政策取得的成绩,通过从宏观和中观两个尺度分析其政策环境的可移植性以评价其住房政策的可移植性。然后,从管治结构、金融政策、土地征用政策三个方面来讨论"政策引进"城市——广州在多大程度上可以移植新加坡的公共住房政策。认为新加坡的公共住房政策将实现全民"居者有其屋"作为首要目标,是特定历史时期、特定城市国家的独特产物;政策的成功归因于建屋发展局的独特管治结构、中央公积金机制的有效运作以及土地征用法强有力的落实等的共同作用。由于政策目标和政策环境存在巨大的差异,新加坡的公共住房政策只能部分移植到广州。How to solve the housing problem of lower-middle and low-income households is a stumbling block to crack for many local governments around the world. Singapore＇s public housing policy has made a spectacular achievement on establishing the most extensive public housing system that is recognized by international cities. However, is it possible to transfer this policy of Singapore to China which is in a transitional period and building public housing in a large scale？ If it could be, to what extent could the policy be transferred？ This paper starts by critically evaluating the transferability of Singapore＇s public housing policy through analyzing its current performance and the duplicability of its policy environment at both macro and meso levels.And then, it discusses the replicability of these policies to Guangzhou, a ＂policy importing＂ city, from the perspective of the governance structure, financial policy, and land acquisition, to resolve which policies can be transferred and under which context. This paper argues that public housing policy of Singapore is a unique product of a particular city- state in a particular historical time, with a primary objective of achieving a full property owning society. The success of Singapore＇s policy attributes to the joint efforts of the unique governance structure of the Housing and Development Board, the implementation of Land Acquisition Act, and the funding mechanism of CPF. It draws a conclusion that Singapore＇s public housing policy could be only partially transferred to Guangzhou due to their quite different primary objectives and distinctive political, economic, and social contexts.

关 键 词：新加坡 公共住房政策 移植 保障性住房 中国 广州 

分 类 号：F299.339[经济管理—国民经济] F299.23