腹泻患儿粪便中A群轮状病毒抗原阳性率及其相关因素分析  

Analysis on the related factors and positive rate of group A rotavirus antigen in stool of infants with diarrhea

作　　者：王晓娜[1] 丛桂敏 安春丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳市妇婴医院检验科,辽宁沈阳110011 [2]中国医科大学基础医学院病原生物学教研室,辽宁沈阳110122

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2015年第11期1281-1283,共3页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81370189)

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析我院腹泻患儿粪便中A群轮状病毒抗原检测情况,为临床提供快捷、准确、可靠的诊断依据。方法收集腹泻患儿粪便标本2 869例,应用免疫层析双抗体夹心法检测A群轮状病毒抗原,对阳性率及其影响因素进行统计分析。结果2 869例检测结果中阳性946例,总阳性率为32.9%。〉1-2岁患儿阳性率最高,为36.5%;0-1岁阳性率其次,为32.3%;〉2-6岁患儿阳性率相对较低,为27.0%。不同年龄段间比较差异具有统计学意义（χ2=11.17,P〈0.05）。秋冬季节为轮状病毒感染率的高峰期,春夏季节较低,分别为39.5%和22.6%。不同季节两组间比较差异具有统计学意义（χ2=10.15,P〈0.05）。并且发现粪便以黏液便或水样便为特征的患儿A群轮状病毒感染率较高。结论轮状病毒是婴幼儿急性重症腹泻的主要病原体之一,及时进行轮状病毒抗原检测,对腹泻患儿的及时诊断和合理预防治疗具有重要意义。Objective To detect the group A rotavirus antigen in stool of infants with diarrhea and provide reliable evidence for clinical diagnosis.Methods Immunochromatographic sandwich method was employed to detect group A rotavirus antigen in stool of 2 869 infants with diarrhea and a statistical analysis was performed on the positive rate and related factors.Results In the 2 869 specimens,946（32.9%）were positive.The highest positive rate was seen in infants aged 1to 2years（36.5%）,followed by infants at 0to1year（32.3%）,while that of infants at 2to 6years was the lowest（27.0%）.The difference between each two of the age groups was statistically significant（χ2=11.17,P〈0.05）.The rate of rotavirus infection was higher in autumn and winter（39.5%）,and lower in spring and summer（22.6%）,with significant difference（χ2=10.15,P〈0.05）.And higher positive rate was seen in infants with mucous or watery stool.Conclusion Rotavirus is the major pathogen of acute severe diarrhea in infants.Timelydetection of rotavirus antigen is important to the diagnosis and appropriate prevention and treatment.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 婴幼儿 腹泻 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]