产品质量对贸易模式与贸易福利的影响——QHFM的新发展  

The Effect of Product Quality on Trade Pattern and Welfare:A Review on QHFM Literature

作　　者：金毓[1] 鲍晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学,上海201620

出　　处：《国际经贸探索》2015年第10期18-27,共10页International Economics and Trade Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71273161)的阶段性成果;上海高校青年教师培养资助计划资助(A1A-6119-15-001)

摘　　要：在异质性企业模型(HFM)中,生产者与消费者的交流仅仅限于价格信号,但在现实世界中,质量信息也会影响供求关系。质量异质性企业模型(QHFM)从质量角度解释了这一问题。文章就产品质量对贸易模式及消费、就业和生产等经济效应的影响对QHFM进行了较为系统的梳理和评述,着重分析了质量作用机制、质量维度引发的对传统结论新的修正等问题。相应结论有两点,一是生产高质量产品的企业尽管定价较高,但更有出口竞争力:它们出口到更多市场,占有更大市场份额,获得更多收入;二是纳入质量维度后,质量差异而形成的差异性贸易影响令传统的贸易福利估计结论有必要重新探讨。希望这些分析有助于我们未来在研究内容和方法上的拓展。In the benchmark heterogeneous firm model（HFM）, firms with lower production cost are more likely to survive and self-select their entry into export market. However, we often observe the opposite in reality ： firms charging higher prices tend to flourish. To accommodate this phenomenon, the so- called QHFM literature incorporates quality dimension into HFM, builds up various mappings from firms＇ heterogeneous productivities to their quality supply and thus generates rich predictions on the impact of geographic factors on trade price and trade volume. The quality dimension also sheds new light on the welfare effect of trade liberalization. Through the discussion of the existing literature, the paper concludes that the active role of quality demand in the determination of trade pattern and welfare effect is the core element of QHFM theory. Moreover, competition in quality could be more important than competition in price and competition in quantity in the future course of international competition.

关 键 词：质量异质性企业模型(QHFM) 贸易模式 贸易福利 

分 类 号：F741[经济管理—国际贸易]