雷暴中雷电活动与WRF模式微物理和动力模拟量的对比研究  

Comparative Study on the Lightning Activities and Microphysical and Dynamical Quantities in a Thunderstorm Simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting Model

作　　者：黄蕾[1] 周筠珺[1,2] 谷娟[1] 柳臣中 向钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程学院大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,成都610225 [2]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044

出　　处：《大气科学》2015年第6期1095-1110,共16页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目2014CB441401;北京市自然科学基金重点项目8141002;中科院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室2013年度开放基金项目LPCC201305;2012年度四川省学术和技术带头人培养资金;气象关键技术与应用重点项目CMAGJ2015M51

摘　　要：利用WRF模式模拟发生在成都地区的典型雷暴天气过程,得到相应雷电活动过程中微物理和动力输出场,将其与雷电监测定位网所探测到的地闪资料进行对比分析,在电荷分离的微物理学基础上讨论了WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式输出的不同微物理及动力因子与地闪的相关性。结果表明:-10°C到-20°C之间的电荷分离区域内,冰晶粒子与霰粒子质量混合比最大值与地闪频数随时间变化趋势基本保持一致。在雷电活动中后期,霰、冰晶及雪晶粒子最大值位置与地闪密度大值中心位置对应性较好,空间上均能指示地闪发生区域。最大上升速度与风暴相对螺旋度可以指示地闪频数变化,风暴相对螺旋度空间上可指示地闪密度大值中心。模拟结果表明WRF模式微物理及动力输出场可以指示地闪活动的发生时间和位置,表现了日益成熟WRF模式进行雷电数值预报与研究的潜能。A typical severe convective weather system with cloud-to-ground（CG） lightning flashes over the Chengdu area was simulated using the WRF model. Comparative analysis of the simulated output fields in the electrification processes of the system from the WRF-simulated and observed CG flashes was performed. The correlations of CG flashes with different microphysical and dynamical factors based on the charge separation mechanisms of microphysics were also discussed. The results showed that the temporal evolution characteristics of the maximum mass mixing ratios of ice crystal, snow crystal and graupel between -10℃ and -20℃, the region of charge separation, were nearly consistent with the maximum observed CG flashes rates. In the middle and late periods of lightning activity, the correspondence between the location of the maximum mass mixing ratios of the three kinds of hydrometeors and the locations of the maximum CG flash rates was better. They indicated the maximum areas of CG flashes. The maximum vertical velocity and the storm relative helicity（SRH） also revealed the temporal evolution trends of the CG flash rate. The SRH indicated the distribution of CG flashes. The simulated dynamic and microphysical outputs indicated the location and time of observed CG flashes, suggesting that the increasingly mature WRF model is potentially very useful for the research and forecasting of thundery weather.

关 键 词：WRF模式 地闪 微物理 动力 

分 类 号：P446[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]