建筑物在减轻城市洪涝灾害中的作用分析  

Analysis of building performance in the reduction of waterlogging disasters

作　　者：刘勇[1] 柳林[1,2] 王先伟[1] 刘凯[1] 黄华兵[1] 张韶月 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,综合地理信息研究中心,广东广州510275 [2]辛辛那提大学地理系,美国辛辛那提0H45221-0131

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2015年第5期68-74,共7页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA121402,2012AA121403);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB955903);中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费青年教师培育项目(14lgpy09)~~

摘　　要：城市洪涝的频发引发了城市管理者和城市规划学者的广泛关注和思考。然而,目前流行的低冲击开发技术(LID)、最佳城市管理措施(BMPs)等工程措施与我国紧张的城市建设用地现状形成了一定的矛盾。占据大面积城市区域的建筑物对洪涝过程产生了重要的影响。因而,在构建好的城市洪涝模拟模型的基础上,设计了6种情景,选取多个积水过程指标来定量化地对比分析了建筑物对于城市洪涝过程的影响。分析结果表明,建筑物的存在以及屋顶排水系统能够有效地延缓积水发生,降低积水最大深度和体积,并缩短积水持续时间。然而建设屋顶排水系统的收益呈倒"U"型分布。最后依据分析结论,从建筑规划角度出发,对减轻城市洪涝灾害提出了对应的措施。Frequent urban flood have attracted wide attention and thinking of city management and scholars. Howev- er, the present engineering measures such as the low impact development （LID） technology and best management practices（BMPs） have a conflict with the limited construction land in China. The buildings which occupied large urban area have a significant influence on urban flooding. Thus, based on the urban flooding inundation model, this paper designs 6 scenarios to analysis the buildings^effect on urban flooding process by quantitatively comparing some selected indexes. The analysis results show that the existence of building and roof drainage system do have a great influence on delaying the start of flooding, reducing the max water depth and volume on the street, and short- ening the duration of waterlogging. It is worth noting that the return of investment in roof drainage system follows a reverse ＂ U＂ curve. On the basis of analysis, from the aspect of construction, this paper puts forward the counter- measures of controlling the urban flood disaster.

关 键 词：建筑物 城市洪涝灾害 情景模拟 防治措施 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]