中国城市体系规模结构:特征事实与经验阐释  

The Size Distribution of Cities in China:Stylized Facts and Experience Demonstration

作　　者：刘学华 张学良[2] 李鲁[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海发展战略研究所,上海200032 [2]上海财经大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200433 [3]上海财经大学国际工商管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《财经研究》2015年第11期108-123,共16页Journal of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(13CJL075);国家自然科学基金项目(71473160);上海财经大学创新基金项目(CXJJ-2014-342)

摘　　要：文章在经典模型拓展基础上建立了城市政策分析框架,运用第六次全国人口普查等统计数据,阐释了我国城市住房、交通、户籍和人口等方面的制度或政策影响城市体系规模结构的路径模式,并研究了政府外部干预和市场内在驱动共同作用下中国城市体系规模结构演进的经验事实。研究结论是:(1)1985年以来我国城市化进程呈现出偏向"中心城市"增长、城市首位度偏低等典型特征;(2)受城市行政层级、城市规模控制和户籍制度等政府干预因素影响,中国的城市化发展和大、中、小城市的路径选择有别于先发国家城市化实践和城市经济学文献的相关结论;(3)中国城市化"数量增长"和"规模扩张"的传统模式亟须调整,未来的城市化道路选择及城市体系优化,需要以市场主导和政府引导相结合的方式加以磨合推进;而当前城市政府的理念更新、职能转变和"城市化红利"公平分享的落实则尤为关键。Based on city classical model and statistical policy analytical framework on the data like the sixth national census, basis of the extension of this paper studies the em pirical facts of the evolution of size distuibution of Chinese cities under the combined role of external government intervention and internal market drive by the systematic interpreta- tion of the path concerning the effects of institutional or policy factors such as urban hous- ing, transportation, hukou and population on size distribution of cities. It arrives at the conclusions as follows： firstly, urbanization process in China is classically characterized by biased growth of center cities and smaller primate city since 1985; secondly, affected by government intervention such as city administrative hierarchy system, the city-size control and household registration system, urban development and the selection of large, medium -sized or small city development path in China are different from the conclusions of classic literature of urbanization practice in first-mover countries and urban economics; thirdly,traditional quantity growth and scale-expansion urbanization modes need to be adjusted and future urbanization path selection ＆ urban system optimization should be advanced by the combination of market orientation and government governance; idea renewal ＆ function transformation of current urban governments and the implementation of fair sharing of ur- banization dividends play a critical role.

关 键 词：城市体系 户籍制度 异质性劳动力 空间均衡 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]