烟草内生真菌多样性和种群结构  

Diversity and community composition of endophytic fungi in tobacco

作　　者：刘宏玉[1] 金慧清[2] 王佳莹[1] 刘凝[1] 冯晓晓[1] 章初龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物技术研究所,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《菌物学报》2015年第6期1058-1067,共10页Mycosystema

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司重点科技项目"内生真菌在降低烟叶重金属含量中的应用研究"~~

摘　　要：从云南"世界烟草品种园"10种烟草的根、茎、叶中分离得到199株内生真菌,根据r DNA-ITS系统发育分析鉴定为17属25种,其中格孢腔菌目Pleosporales内生真菌的种类和数量最多;茎点霉属Phoma、链格孢属Alternaria和镰孢菌属Fusarium为主要优势属,相对频率分别为25.1%、24.6%和11.6%,优势度Y值分别为0.251、0.172和0.104。烟草不同组织内生真菌的种群结构存在显著差异,分离自根的内生真菌的主要优势属为Fusarium和Phoma,Y值分别为0.235和0.123;分离自茎的内生真菌的主要优势属为Phoma和Alternaria,Y值分别为0.186和0.155;分离自叶片的内生真菌的主要优势属为Alternaria,Y值为0.286。Phoma从烟草根茎叶中均可分离得到,而Alternaria只分布在地上部茎叶中,Fusarium只分布在根茎中,表明这3个优势属真菌对根茎叶组织的专化性不同。The samples of tobacco roots, stems and leaves were collected in Yunnan ＂World Tobacco Cultivar Garden＂ for nvestigation of endophytic fungi. From these plant tissues, 199 isolates of endophytic fungi were generated and 25 species of 17 genera were identified by rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. The majority of the fungi belong to Pleosporales, and Phoma, Alternaria and Fusarium were dominant with the relative frequency of 25.1%, 24.6% and 11.6%, and the dominance （Y） values of 0.251, 0.172 and 0.104, respectively. The community composition of the fungi in different tissues varied significantly. The species of Fusarium and Phoma were frequently isolated from roots with the dominance （Y） values of 0.235 and 0.123, respectively Species frequently isolated from stems were those of Phoma and Alternaria with the dominance （Y） values of 0.186 and 0.155,respectively. Species frequently isolated from leaves were those of Alternaria with the dominance （Y） value of 0.286. Phoma could be isolated from all tissues of tobacco, however, Alternaria were restricted within stems and leaves, while Fusarium within roots and stems, indicating colonization selectivity of the fungi to the plant tissues

关 键 词：烟草 真菌组成 分离率 相对频率 优势度 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] Q949.32[农业科学—作物学]