西藏牦牛遗传多样性的ISSR分析  

Analysis of ISSR genetic polymorphism for Tibetan yak

作　　者：姚慧[1] 钟金城[1] 姬秋梅[2] 张成福[2] 信金伟[2] 陈智华[1] 柴志欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学动物遗传育种学国家民委-教育部重点实验室,成都610041 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,拉萨850000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第11期3278-3282,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD03B02)资助

摘　　要：选用10对ISSR引物对西藏地区17个牦牛类群（或品种）共850头牦牛进行了PCR扩增,利用Popgen 32软件对数据进行统计分析。结果表明：10对ISSR引物共扩增出134条条带,其中多态性条带132条,多态性比率为95%,扩增片段的大小范围在200～2000bp。17个牦牛类群的平均有效等位基因数为1.498,Nei遗传多样性指数平均值为0.294,平均Shannon多样性指数为0.449,各位点遗传多样性存在一定差别,说明17个西藏牦牛类群具有丰富的遗传多样性。聚类结果表明,西藏牦牛大致分为3类：错那牦牛、江达牦牛、工布江达牦牛、康布牦牛、巴青牦牛、类乌齐牦牛、桑桑牦牛、嘉离牦牛、斯布牦牛和隆子牦牛聚为1类;丁青牦牛、聂荣牦牛、帕里牦牛、日多牦牛、桑日牦牛和申扎牦牛聚为1类;仲巴牦牛单独聚为1类。聚类分析结果与牦牛的地理分布大体一致。In order to analyze the genetic diversity of Tibetan yaks, 10 pairs of primers were se- lected from ISSR primer library and used to analyze 17 groups （ species）, with a total number of 850 yaks, by PCR amplification. The obtained statistical data were also analyzed by Popgen 32 software. The results showed that 10 pairs of ISSR primers amplified a total of 134 bands inclu- ding 132 polymorphic bands. The polymorphism ratio is 95% and the size of the amplified frag- ment ranges from 200 to 2000 bp. The average effective number of alleles of 17 yak groups is 1.498, the mean index of Nei＇ s genetic diversity is 0.294 and average Shannon diversity index is 0.449. Clustering results show that Tibetan yaks are roughly divided into three categories： The first group includes Cuona yak, Jiangda yak, Gongbujiangda yak, Kangbu yak, Baqing yak, Lei- wuqi yak, Sangsang yak, Jiali yak, Sibu yak and Longzi yak; the second includes Dingqing yak, Nierong yak, Pali yak, Riduo yak, Sangri yak and Shenza yak; the third group only includes Zhongba yak. Cluster analysis results are basically consistent with the geographic distribution of yaks.

关 键 词：西藏牦牛 ISSR 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]