巢湖东部含山凌家滩遗址地层元素地球化学特征研究  

ELEMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE LINGJIATAN SITE IN HANSHAN,EAST CHAOHU LAKE BASIN

作　　者：吴立[1,2] 王心源[3] 莫多闻[4] 周昆叔[5] 管后春[2,6] 朱诚[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院,安徽芜湖241002 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023 [3]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100094 [4]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [5]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [6]安徽省地质调查院,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《地层学杂志》2015年第4期443-453,共11页Journal of Stratigraphy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41401216);江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2014705);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAK08B02);安徽自然灾害过程与防控研究省级实验室和安徽师范大学科研培育基金自然科学项目(2014rcpy13)共同资助

摘　　要：通过对安徽巢湖东部含山凌家滩遗址的野外调查、地层采样和元素地球化学分析,结合年代学和文物考古成果,综合研究表明:1)元素迁移的剖面特征总体反映了凌家滩遗址地层由下至上脱硅富铝铁程度渐弱的趋势,符合亚热带地区风化成土的脱硅富铝化过程及特征;2)晚更新世末堆积的红褐色黏土层顶部是凌家滩人生活的古地貌面,早中全新世沉积速率较低,一方面与适宜期高温高湿的气候条件有关,另一方面也与间歇性的构造抬升运动有关;汉代和明清时期,由于受到晚全新世气候向干冷变化的影响,发生了一定规模的风成堆积;明清文化层虽然受到人类活动的影响,但在元素地球化学特征上依然反映出气候变化的因素;3)凌家滩遗址剖面下部的晚更新世沉积地层是以粉尘、风化型黏土为母质的风化层,它的特征介于下蜀黄土和风化壳黏土之间;遗址地层晚更新世沉积的岩性和化学组成代表的风化强度都超过了该区正常的下蜀黄土地层和其中的弱古土壤层。The Lingjiatan site is a representative Neolithic site with advanced jade-carving techniques in the Chaohu area, central Anhui, contemporary with the Hongshan culture and earlier than the Liangzhu cul-ture, which falls into 5600--5300 a BP. Based on field investigations and element geochemical analysis of archaeological site profile of the Lingjiatan site in Anhui, combined with the chronology and the discovery of archaeological cultural relics, this paper discusses the elemental geochemical features and paleogeo- graphic significance of the strata at the Lingjiatan site in Chaohu. The results show that the strata are characterized by an up-section weakening of desilicification and allitization, in line with the typical desilici- fication-allitization feature of weathering and pedogenesis in the subtropical zone. The surface of rufous clay layer which was deposited in the last phase of late Pleistocene epoch, was the living ground for the Lingjiatan ancient humans. In the early-middle Holocene, the lower deposition rate of the Lingjiatan site strata may have been caused by stronger fluvial erosion due to warm-humid climatic condition and tectonic uplift. In the Han Dynasty and the Ming ~ Qing Dynasties, the climate turned cool and dry, and a certain amount of loess was deposited. On the basis of lithology and chemical compositions, the weathering inten- sity of late Pleistocene deposits at the Lingjiatan site is far stronger than the normal Xiashu loess but wea- ker than paleosols in this area. The late Pleistocene deposits of the Lingjiatan site are the weathered strata with dust and weathering clays as the parent materials, and they are intermediat in terms of weathering in- tensity between the Xiashu loess and paleosol crust clays.

关 键 词：考古地层 元素地球化学 第四纪 凌家滩遗址 巢湖 安徽 

分 类 号：P534.63[天文地球—第四纪地质学] P539[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]