单分散PS微球的制备及其在多孔炭材料中的应用  

Preparation of Monodisperse Polystyrene Microspheres and Its Application in Porous Carbon

作　　者：蔡江涛[1] 陈晨[1] 张亚婷[1] 刘国阳[1] 邱介山[2] 周安宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学化学与化工学院,西安710054 [2]大连理工大学炭材料研究室大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2015年第11期22-26,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：NSFC-新疆联合基金重点基金项目(U1203292);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2014 JM2043);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(15JK1451)

摘　　要：在超声波辅助下通过微乳液法聚合出纳米聚苯乙烯(PS)微球,利用重力沉降法组装出PS胶晶阵列,并以该胶晶为大孔模板剂,制备出大孔–介孔分级炭材料。通过激光粒度仪、场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜、红外光谱及N2物理吸附与解吸附技术对产品的粒度、形貌、微观结构及性能进行表征与研究。结果表明,采用超声波辅助微乳液聚合,有利于单分散PS微球的可控制备。且增大过硫酸钾、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的用量,PS微球粒径均会变小,而苯乙烯/十二烷基磺酸钠则要有适合的比例才能保证PS粒径小且均一单分散。以300 nm的PS胶晶为大孔模板剂,三嵌段共聚物P123和F127(质量比为1∶3)做介孔模板剂,酚醛树脂预聚体和模板剂的质量比为3∶2,制得大孔与介孔梯级分布的炭材料,其比表面积为510.5 m2/g,比容为0.252 7 cm3/g。Nano-polystyrene（PS） microspheres were polymerized through ultrasound-assisted micro-emulsion polymerization. Then polystyrene colloidal crystal arrays were made by gravity settling method. Finally, the hierarchical macro-mesoporous carbon （HMMC） materials were prepared with the PS array as macroporous template agent. The particle sizes, morphology, microstructure and properties of the products were characterized and researched by means of laser particle size analyzer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, infrared, N2 adsorption and desorption. The results show that ultrasonic assisted micro-emulsion polymerization is helped to controllable preparation of monodisperse PS microspheres. As the dosage of potassium persulfate and polyvinylpyrrolidone increase, PS particles size become smaUer. Styrene / sodium dodecyl sulfonate should have a suitable ratio to ensure small particles size and good monodisperse. The HMMC are synthesized with resole resin as the carbon precursor by a dual-template method. In which, 300 nm PS colloidal crystal array are macroporous template agent, three block copolymer P123/F127（=1 / 3） are mesoporous template agent, and the mass ratio of phenolic resin pre-polymer and template agent is 3 ： 2. The as-made HMMC products have surface area of 510.5 m^2/g, the pore volume of 0.252 7 cm^3/g.

关 键 词：聚苯乙烯微球 微乳液聚合 超声波辅助 模板剂 多孔炭材料 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]