宁夏回族自治区回、汉族居民烟草、酒精使用调查  

Prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use in ethnic Hui and Han residents in Ningxia

作　　者：王俊峰[1] 马辉[1] 王志忠[1] 张毓洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,银川750004

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2015年第11期1231-1235,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：美国中华医学会课题（11-063）

摘　　要：目的 了解宁夏回族自治区（宁夏）回、汉族居民烟草、酒精使用情况及其分布特征,为民族地区改善戒烟、限酒措施提供参考.方法 采用多阶段系统抽样法,抽取宁夏地区≥18岁居民6 476人进行入户调查.烟草和酒精使用障碍根据国际疾病分类-10（ICD-10）标准采用复合型国际诊断交谈表3.0（CIDI 3.0）中文版评估.结果 共有5 811名受访者完成全部调查,目前吸烟率为19.15％,其中男性吸烟率高于女性（44.73％vs.1.51％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=1 693.25,P＜0.001）;男性中回族吸烟率低于汉族（33.19％vs.51.95％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=79.99,P＜0.001）.男性烟草依赖患病率为1.75％,回、汉族男性烟草依赖患病率差异无统计学意义（x2=0.02,P=0.958）.目前饮酒率为5.78％,其中男性饮酒率高于女性（12.48％ vs.1.16％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=329.94,P＜0.001）;男性中回族饮酒率低于汉族（4.71％vs.17.34％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=82.03,P＜0.001）;男性酒精使用障碍患病率为6.03％,男性回族酒精使用障碍患病率低于汉族（3.50％vs.7.61％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=16.68,P＜0.001）.结论 宁夏地区回族成年人烟草和酒精使用率低于同地区汉族,当地的回族文化对减少人群烟草、酒精使用可能具有积极的影响.Objective To understand the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use in ethnic Hui and Han residents in Ningxia Hui autonomous region and provide evidence for the smoking cessation and alcohol use reduction in minority area.Methods Face to face interview was performed in 6 476 subjects aged ≥ 18 years who were selected through systematic sampling in Ningxia.The tobacco use and alcohol use related disorders were evaluated with Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0（CIDI 3.0） according to International Classification of Diseases-10 （ICD-10）.Results A total of 5 811 subjects completed the survey, the prevalence of current smoking was 19.15%, which was significantly higher in males than in females （44.73% vs.1.51%, x2=1 693.25, P〈0.001）.The prevalence of current smoking was lower in Hui males than in Han males （33.19% vs.51.95%, x2=79.99, P〈0.001）.The prevalence of tobacco dependence was 1.75% in males, the difference between Hui ethnic group and Han ethnic group had no statistical significance （x2=0.02, P=0.958）.The prevalence of alcohol use was 5.78%, and it was significantly higher in males than in females （12.48% vs.1.16%）, the difference had statistical significance （22=329.94, P〈0.001）.The prevalence of alcohol use was lower in Hui males than in Han males （4.71% vs.17.34%）, the difference had statistical significance （x2=82.03, P〈0.001）.The prevalence of alcohol use related disorders was 6.03% in males, and it was higher in Han ethnic group than in Hui ethnic group （3.50% vs.7.61%）,the difference had statistical significance （x2=16.68, P〈0.001）.Conclusion The prevalence of tobacco use and alcohol use were lower in Hui ethnic group than in Han ethnic group in Ningxia, which might be explained by the influence of the tradition of Hui ethnic group.

关 键 词：酒精 烟草 回族 流行病学 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]