北京4种典型风景游憩林对林内PM_(2.5)的调控作用  

Regulation of four typical scenic recreational plantations to stand PM_(2.5) concentration in Beijing,China

作　　者：张志丹[1] 曹治国[2] 贾黎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育学科与保护重点实验室,北京100083 [2]河南师范大学环境学院/黄淮水环境污染防治省部共建教育部重点实验室/河南省环境污染控制重点实验室,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第11期3475-3481,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科学研究与研究生培养共建项目;"应对PM2.5空气污染的北京造林工程关键技术研究与示范"项目(Z121100000312069);"首都平原百万亩造林科技支撑工程"项目(Z121100008512002)资助

摘　　要：为研究风景游憩林中Pm^2.5浓度的变化规律及其对气象因子的响应,并分析不同林分对Pm^2.5浓度的调控作用,在2013年夏、秋、冬季于北京市奥林匹克森林公园内对北京4种典型结构风景游憩林（华山松-银杏混交林、毛白杨-白蜡混交林、毛白杨纯林、多树种复层混交林）中的Pm^2.5浓度及相关气象因子进行实时测定（共28个观测日）.结果表明：在不同空气污染级别下林分内Pm^2.5浓度的日变化无统一规律,但在同一污染级别下4种林分的Pm^2.5浓度日变化规律基本一致.当风力为0-2级时,在各污染级别下4片林分内Pm^2.5浓度的日均值[观测时段内（9：00—15：00）Pm^2.5浓度平均值]无显著差异.林内Pm^2.5浓度与空气相对湿度呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与气温呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与风速不相关.相对于林分外空地,林分内Pm^2.5浓度变化比例在-21.4%-33.2%,其与空气相对湿度呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与风速和气温不相关.林分对Pm^2.5浓度的调控作用包含增加和降低两种效应,本研究中,这种调控作用发生转变的空气相对湿度临界值为67%.To study the variation of Pm^2.5 concentration in scenic recreational plantations and its response to meteorological factors,and to analyze the regulation effect of different stands on Pm^2.5 concentration,in the summer,autumn and winter of 2013,Pm^2.5 concentration and relevant meteorological factors in four typical scenic recreational plantations（ Pinus armandii- Ginkgo biloba mixed plantation,Populus tomentosa- Fraxinus chinensi mixed plantation,Populus tomentosa pure plantation,multiple-species-layered mixed plantation） were simultaneously monitored,in Beijing Olympic Forest Park（ the observation was conducted continuously for 28 days）. The results showed that the daily variation of Pm^2.5 concentration in the four stands didn＇t represent a unified pattern at different air pollution levels,but were basically consistent at the same pollution level. When the wind force was 0-2 grade,there was no significant difference among daily average Pm^2.5 concentrations [the average Pm^2.5 concentration during the observation period（ 9： 00—15： 00） ] in the four stands at each pollution level. Stand Pm^2.5 concentration was positively correlated to air relative humidity（ P 0. 01）,negatively correlated with air temperature（ P 0. 05）,but uncorrelated with wind speed. Changed percentage of stand Pm^2.5 concentration compared to the space varied between-21.4% and 33.2%,and it was negatively correlated with air relative humidity（ P〈0.05）,but not correlated with the wind speed and air temperature. The regulation effects of the four stands on Pm^2.5 concentration included both increasing and decreasing effects,and in this study,the critical value of air relative humidity was 67% when this regulation shifted.

关 键 词：PM2.5 气象因子 林分 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]