宁夏地区老年人健康自我评价状况及其影响因素的研究  

Determinants of self- rated health among the elderly in Ningxia

作　　者：芦鸿雁[1] 许少先[1] 王晓娟[1] 翟惠珍 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学总医院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2015年第11期1013-1015,共3页Ningxia Medical Journal

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ11174)

摘　　要：目的了解宁夏老年人健康自评状况,分析影响老年人健康自评的因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法对6 032名老年人进行问卷调查,进行数据分析。结果宁夏地区男性老年人健康自评"差"的占26.6%,女性老年人健康自评"差"的占26.3%;80岁以上的老年人健康自评"差"的31.4%,高于其他年龄组;独居的老年人健康自评为"差"的比例高于和其他人同住老年人的健康自评,占32.2%;有退休金的老年人自评健康为"好"的比例高于经济不完全独立的其他组,占25.4%;再婚老年人健康自评"好"的人数占21.6%,高于离婚、丧偶的老年人;文化程度越高,健康自评越差,大专以上学历的健康自评为"差"的占62.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素回归显示,影响宁夏地区老年人健康自评的主要因素是老年人的患病情况、日常生活能力、社会交往、对社区服务满意度及居家养老意愿。结论宁夏老年人自评健康更大程度上受自身躯体健康及自理能力的影响,适当社会交往对老年人健康自评有较好的促进作用。因此,关注老年人健康自我评价的测定,是健康老龄化工作的重要方面。Objective To describe the status of self - rated health （SRH） among the elderly and find out the relationship be- tween SRH and other health measures. And to improving the health status of the elderly. Methods The data was generated from strati- fied cluster random sampling survey on 6 032 cases. SPSS 17.0 software was used to conduct the chi - square test univariate and multiva- riate logistic regression analysis. Results In Ningxia region, the poor self - rated health was 26.6% in male elderly and 26.3% in fe- male ; self- rated health was 31.4% in more than 80 years old, and it was poorer than that in others ;The elderly living alone self- rated health was worse than that in others ,accounted for 32.2% ;The self- reported health was better in pension of retirement, accounted for 25.4% ;The self - rated health was better in married eider compared with the elderly divorce, death of a spouse , accounted for 21.6% ; The cultural degree was higher and the self- rated health was worse, and the self- rated health rated poor accounted for 62.2% in col- lege degree or above. The differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Multi - factor regression showed that influence of Ningxia that suffer from Serious illness of within two years, IADL, social communication, community service satisfaction, and Home care wishes had effects on SRH of the elderly. Conclusion There are independent risk factors of SRH among the elderly, good physical condition, IADL and appropriate social interaction are the most influential predictor SRI-I score.

关 键 词：老年人 自评健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]