文山植烟土壤有机质和氮含量的研究  

Study on Content of Organic Matter and Nitrogen in Wenshan Tobacco Growing Soils

作　　者：殷红慧[1] 许龙[1] 冯坤[1] 周炼川[1] 戴珏[1] 王影[1] 徐智[2] 农传江 

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司文山州公司,云南文山663000 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期902-908,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目(2012YN15);公益性行业(农业)科研专项基金(201103004)

摘　　要：为进一步掌握文山植烟土壤养分状况,科学指导文山植烟区平衡施肥,于2011年和2013年对文山植烟区7个县(市)的134份土壤样品的养分进行测定,并比较不同县(市)和海拔高度土壤有机质和氮含量的差异。结果表明:(1)2013年,文山植烟土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮的平均含量分别为25.81 g/kg、0.12%和130.18 mg/kg;2011年,文山植烟土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮的平均含量分别为27.22 g/kg、0.13%和136.75 mg/kg。(2)在文山州植烟7个县(市)中,西畴县、麻栗坡县的土壤有机质和氮素含量相对较高,广南县和砚山县的土壤有机质和氮素含量相对较低,但其平均含量仍处于适宜范围。(3)随着海拔升高,文山植烟区的土壤有机质和碱解氮含量呈升高趋势,而土壤全氮含量差异不显著。(4)文山植烟土壤有机质、氮素与速效磷、速效钾、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁、有效硼和氯离子呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01)。由此得出,文山植烟区土壤有机质和氮素平均含量均处于适宜范围,但由于区域和海拔高度的差异较大,导致整个植烟区土壤有机质和氮含量的变异系数较大,因此,在种植烤烟时应根据具体情况进行因地制宜的合理施肥。To understand the tobacco-growing soil nutrient status and scientific guidance balanceable fertilize in Wenshan tobacco growing area, the nutrient contents of 134 soil samples from Wenshan to- bacco-growing area were measured in 2011 and 2013, and the effects of different counties and altitude on soil organic matter （SOM, total nitrogen （TN） and available nitrogen （AN） content were ana- lyzed . The results showed that： （1） the average content of SOM, TN and AN were 25.81 g/kg, 0. 12% and 130. 18 mg/kg, respectively in 2013; the average content of SOM , TN and AN were 7.22 g/kg, 0. 13% and 136.75 mg/kg, respectively, in 2011. （2） The average content of SOM and TN and AN were higher in the Xichou and Malipo Counties, those were lower in Guangnan and Yans- ban Counties, but the average levels were still in the appropriate range. （3） The content of SOM andAN showed increases trend with altitude rising, while the TN in soil showed no significant. （4） Highly significant positive correlation were found between SOC and available N and available P and available K and available Cu and available Zn and available Fe and available B and C1 - （P 〈 0. 01 ）. These re- suits suggested that the average content of soil organic matter and nitrogen are in the appropriate range in Wenshan tobacco growing area, but due to difference of regional and altitude, resulting in a greater coefficient of variation of soil organic matter and nitrogen content, therefore, in the cultivation of tobac- co should be rational fertilization depending on local conditions.

关 键 词：植烟土壤 有机质 氮素 

分 类 号：S151.95[农业科学—土壤学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]