武夷山市公路路面沉积物重金属污染与评价  

Pollution and Assessment of Heavy Metals in Roadside Pavement Sediment of Wuyishan City

作　　者：李灵[1] 张玉[2] 连艳雪 林权英 

机构地区：[1]福建省高校绿色化工技术重点实验室,武夷学院生态与资源工程学院,福建武夷山354300 [2]武夷学院土木工程与建筑学院,福建武夷山354300

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期916-923,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：南平市科技局项目(N2009Z10-3);武夷学院对接南平产业发展专项项目(2011DJ08);武夷山风景名胜区管理委员会资助项目(2008-03)

摘　　要：为了解武夷山市公路路面沉积物重金属含量及其污染危害程度,在研究区内共采集了61个样品,测试了Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr和Ni共5种重金属元素含量,用主成分分析探讨了路面沉积物中重金属的来源,并用地积累指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价了其污染程度和生态风险。结果表明:武夷山市公路路面沉积物中Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr和Ni的平均质量分数分别为32.09,242.05,107.97,173.22,15.10 mg/kg,分别是福建省土壤元素背景值的1.49,2.93,3.09,4.19和1.12倍。地积累指数评价结果显示,5种重金属的污染程度由强至弱依次为:Cr>Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni,其中Cr,Zn,Pb处于中度污染,Cu处于无—中度污染,Ni处于无污染。潜在生态风险指数评价结果表明:单项潜在生态风险系数Eri从大到小的顺序为:Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>Zn,5种重金属元素单项潜在生态风险系数Eri<40,综合潜在生态风险指数RI<150,武夷山市公路路面沉积物重金属含量处于轻微潜在生态风险;公路路面沉积物中Cu,Zn,Pb和Ni主要来自于交通源,Cr主要来源于土壤风化和建筑源。因此,应及时清理道路沉积物、积极发展公共交通,最大限度地降低道路沉积物中的污染物浓度,为城市提供一个良好的生存环境。研究结果对区域环境重金属污染的控制、环境质量评价和合理城市规划布局有重要的现实指导意义。In order to determine the concentration of heavy metals in road sediments of Wuyishan city and the pollution harm degree, 61 samples were obtained and analyzed for Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni. By the methods of principal component analysis, this paper approached the possible sources of heavy met- als in the road sediment. In the meantime, the index of geoaccumulation and the potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate the degree of pollution and the ecological risk of heavy metals. The re- suits indicated that the mean concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni were 32. 09,242. 05, 107.97, 173.22 and 15.10 mg/kg. The mean concentrations of heavy metal were 1.49, 2.93, 3.09, 4. 19 and1. 12 times of the Fujian soil background values, respectively. The index of geoaccumulation analysis results showed that the pollution degree of 5 kinds of heavy metals followed the order Cr 〉 Zn 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Ni and the Cr, Zn and Pb were medium pollution, the Cu was non-to moderate-pollution, the Ni was non-pollution. The Potential Ecological Risk Index analysis results showed that single potential ec- ological risk coefficient Erof 5 kinds of heavy metals was described as follows ： Pb 〉 Cr 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 Zn. Single potential ecological risk coefficient Er was less than 40 and potential ecological risk index RI was less than 150. Five kinds of heavy metal in the road sediments of Wuyishan city belonged to a light potential ecological risk. The Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni in road sediments mainly came from transporta- tion source, the Cr mainly came from weathering soil and architecture source. To provide a good living environment for the city through timely cleaning road deposited sediment, the positive development of public transport and reducing the concentration of pollutants in the sediments of the road. The research results had important realistic meaning of heavy metal pollution control, environmental quality assess- ment and reasonable city planning.

关 键 词：路面沉积物 重金属 地积累指数 潜在生态风险指数 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]