观赏植物山海带水培配方的研究  

Hydroponic Formulas for an Ornamental Plant : Dracaena Cambodiana

作　　者：孔维喜[1] 吕维梧[1] 廖承飞[1] 李贵华[1] 钱坤建[1] 何璐[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651399 [2]云南大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2015年第10期39-43,50,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：科技型中小企业技术创新基金项目--干热河谷优稀水果良种选育及高效繁育技术

摘　　要：以山海带(Dracaena Cambodiana)为研究对象,根据水培植物的基础配方霍格兰德配方,改良配制4种含有不同浓度的大量元素氮、磷、钾及钙的营养液,开展山海带水培营养配方筛选研究。以清水培养为对照,测定山海带的株高、叶片数和冠幅、总鲜重、地上部重、根重,筛选出经济而良好的配方,为山海带无土栽培的推广提供理论依据与方法。结果表明:4种营养液中配方A、B、C是改良的有效配方;从植株生长指标、营养液p H和EC变化等方面综合分析来看,山海带在配方C中的生长情况最好,而在配方D中长得最差,出现黄化枯死的现象;在生产中选择配方A(总浓度较低)较省成本,如果条件允许,建议在山海带生长前期用配方C,生长后期用配方A,这样既可以使山海带快速生长,满足山海带的生长规律,同时又可以节约成本。This experiment prepared and tested different formulas for Dracaena cambodiana soilless culture, a kind of ornamental plant. Four nutrient solution of formulas A, B, C and D were adopted, which contained macro and trace elements and were modified from Hoagland formula. Nature water was applied as control. Compared with control, the plant height, leaves number, crown width, plant biomass, overground part weight and root gross were measured as the growth indexes to evaluate different formulas. This study had selected super and economic formula and provided methods for hydroculture of Dracaena cambodiana. The result showed that the 3 formulas A, B and C were suitable for the growth of Dracaena cambodiana. Formula C was chosen as the best nutrient solution, in which plants got biggest biomass and the solution kept feeding the plants. Whereas the plants cultured in formula D grew worst, even appeared yellow and died. Trough comprehensive evaluated, formula A was the most economic one for its lowest total ion content. In this nutrient solution, the growth indexes of leave number, plant height and crown width had no significant difference with the other suitable formulas A and B. Hence formula A could be used in production economically. If conditions allowed, formula C was suggested to use in the early stage of Dracaena cambodiana hydroculture. And in later growth stage, formula A could be altered. So that Dracaena cambodiana plants could grow fast and rhythmic, meantime the costing could be saved.

关 键 词：山海带 营养液 配方 水培 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]