甘蓝耐裂球性评价方法研究及种质鉴定筛选  

Evaluation Method and Screening of Germplasm with High Resistance to Head-splitting in Cabbage

作　　者：苏彦宾[1,2] 曾爱松[1] 刘玉梅[1] 沈火林[2] 肖兴国[2] 李占省[1] 方智远[1] 杨丽梅[1] 庄木[1] 张扬勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业大学,北京100194

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2015年第6期1229-1236,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家高新技术发展计划项目(2012AA100104;2012AA100105);国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2013BAD01B04);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-25-A);农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目;中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS)

摘　　要：裂球是甘蓝生产中存在的一个严重问题。本研究通过对7份春甘蓝和8份秋甘蓝不同耐裂性材料的田间裂球方式、裂球率、裂球程度的比较,综合最大裂口层数、裂口面积的表现,建立了甘蓝耐裂球性评价方法并制定了甘蓝个体裂球分级标准。根据春甘蓝叶球成熟后5天、秋甘蓝叶球成熟后15天的裂球指数将甘蓝种质群体的耐裂球性分为极耐裂球、耐裂球、中耐裂球、易裂球、极易裂球5级。对59份春、秋甘蓝种质进行耐裂球性鉴定筛选获得一批极耐裂甘蓝种质资源。同时,对甘蓝室内成熟叶球浸泡法评价耐裂球性进行了初探,首次提出室内浸泡能够准确地鉴定甘蓝的耐裂球性,可用于选育耐裂球品种及生产实践。本研究制定出了一套春、秋甘蓝耐裂球性的田间及室内鉴定方法与标准,筛选获得了不同甘蓝耐裂球种质,为甘蓝耐裂球性研究和育种应用提供技术支撑和优异材料。Head cracking is the most serious physiological disease in the production of cabbage. The splitting resistance of 7 spring and 8 autumn cultivars were evaluated under natural conditions by comparison of cracking type, cracking rate and degree of cracking extent, and the grading system of cabbage head splitting was established according to the number of split leaf layers and area of the maximum head cracking. The head splitting index of post harvesting-5 days for spring cabbage and 15 days for autumn cabbage can be used to accurately identify head splitting resistance of cabbage. The varieties can be divided into 5 levels：High Resistance, Resistance, Moderate Resist- ance, Susceptibility and High Susceptibility. Further it was used for screening high resistance to head-splitting of 59 germplasm resources, and some high resistant cuhivars were screened out. Also the indoor head soak method was evaluated at the same time. Through head splitting of 15 cultivars survey and analysis by indoor soak method,we can achieved that the method can also identify resistance to splitting-head of cabbage accurately. The research developed a set of identification method and standard for screening splitting resistance germplasm. These resistance germplasm would provide materials for theory and breeding of cabbage.

关 键 词：结球甘蓝 耐裂球 鉴定方法 分级标准 

分 类 号：S635[农业科学—蔬菜学]