2009-2014年杭州市西湖区学校和幼托机构水痘疫情流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella outbreaks in schools and child care settings in Xihu district of Hangzhou,2009-2014

作　　者：徐娜妮[1] 张寒芸[1] 钱晨颖[1] 张丛笑[1] 闻辉奇 

机构地区：[1]杭州市西湖区疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310013

出　　处：《疾病监测》2015年第10期861-864,共4页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的研究杭州市西湖区2009-2014年学校、幼托机构水痘疫情的流行病学特征,为加强学校水痘防治提供科学依据。方法收集整理杭州市西湖区2009-2014年学校和幼托机构水痘疫情相关资料,应用描述性分析进行流行病学特征分析。结果 2009-2014年杭州市西湖区学校和幼托机构水痘疫情合计28起,报告发病354例,罹患率为6.59‰。疫情主要集中在3、4和9-12月。28起疫情中,小学占60.71%（17/28）,354例病例中,6~11岁年龄组学生占70.62%（250/354）,水痘突破病例占50.56%（179/354）。突破性病例作为指示病例有13起,占全部28起聚集性疫情的46.43%。结论学校尤其小学是水痘疫情的高发场所,水痘突破病例给临床诊断和疾病控制带来了新的难度,2剂次水痘疫苗免疫策略有望为疫情防控带来成效。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella outbreaks in schools and child care settings in Xihu district of Hangzhou,and provide scientific evidence for the varicella prevention and control in schools.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of varicella outbreaks in the schools and child care settings in Xihu district during 2009-2014. Results A total of 28 varicella outbreaks occurred in schools and child care settings during this period,and 354 cases reported with the incidence of 6. 59‰. The incidence peaks were during March-April and during September-December. Seventeen outbreaks occurred in primary schools（ 60. 71%）. The cases were mainly distributed in age group 6-11 years（ 250 cases,70. 62%）. A total of 179 breakthrough cases were reported from 2009 to 2014,accounting for 50. 56% of the total cases. The index cases were breakthrough cases in 13 outbreaks（ 46. 43%）. Conclusion The incidence of varicella outbreak was high in schools,especially primary schools,but the protective effect of one dose varicella vaccination is insufficient,The immunization of2 dose varicella vaccine would facilitate the varicella prevention and control in schools.

关 键 词：学生 水痘 疫情 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]