大尺度土地利用变化对区域气温及其变率的影响  

The Impacts of Large Scale Land Use Change on Regional Air Temperature and Its Variability

作　　者：徐忠峰[1] 张炜月 郭维栋[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [2]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《中国基础科学》2015年第5期34-39,共6页China Basic Science

基　　金：全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划(2011CB952000)

摘　　要：人类活动引起的大范围土地利用/覆盖变化(LUCC)是影响气候变化的三大人为因子之一,其影响机理是气候与全球变化领域的前沿科学问题。在全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划的支持下,利用地球系统模式,本研究模拟了LUCC对对流层气温及季风区气温年际变率的影响。结果表明:LUCC可以显著影响对流层气温,东亚地区最显著的降温出现在春季和秋季,在对流层低层和中上层分别出现一个峰值;在欧洲和北美,显著的降温可以从对流层低层向上扩展到300—400hPa,最大降温出现在夏季的对流层低层,气温降低约0.8℃。此外,LUCC还显著地影响地表气温的年际变率。在秋季和冬季,LUCC导致黄淮地区—贝加尔湖以南地区气温年际变率减弱,印度半岛和中南半岛地表气温年际变率增强。LUCC影响气温变率的机理也在文中进行了阐述。Anthropogenic large scale land use and land cover （LUCC） is one of the three factors that influence cli- mate change, and the influence mechanism is a frontier scientific issue of global and climate change. The im- pacts of LUCC on tropospheric temperature and the vari- ability of the air temperature over monsoon regions are investigated using the Community Earth System Model under the support of Global Change Research Program. The results show that LUCC can induce detectable changes in the tropospheric air temperature. In East A- sia, the most significant tropospheric cooling occurs in spring and autumn, and two peak values are found in the lower troposphere and middle-upper layer. In Eu- rope and North America, significant decrease in the air temperature extends upward and reaches 300-400hPa. In general, cooling is more significant in the lower trop- osphere than in the upper troposphere, and the strongest cooling of -0.8℃ occurs in the lower troposphere in summer. In addition, the LUCC results in significant changes in the variability of the air temperature, as characterized by an enhanced variability in India Penin- sula and Indo-China Peninsula, and a reduced variabili- ty in northern China to eastern Mongolia in autumn and winter. The mechanism of LUCC-induced temperature variability is also discussed in this study.

关 键 词：土地利用 气候变率 对流层气温 陆-气 相互作用 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]