新疆地区临床患者红细胞血型不规则抗体筛查分析  

Screening and analysis of the irregular RBC antibodies in clinical patients from Xinjiang Province

作　　者：宋小川[1] 刘斌[1] 李玉娇[1] 胡安华[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院输血科,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2015年第10期1272-1274,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的通过对新疆地区115 796例患者红细胞血型不规则抗体检测结果进行分析,以研究新疆地区不同民族患者红细胞不规则抗体的发生率与分布特点,为临床安全科学用血提供依据。方法应用红细胞不规则抗体筛选试剂盒(固相法)对本院2010年4月-2013年12月所有输血申请单的住院患者血标本进行全自动不规则抗体筛查试验,并对抗体筛查阳性标本进行抗体特异性鉴定分析。结果在115 796例患者样本中共检测出不规则抗体阳性者476例,阳性率为0.41%,其中不规则抗体阳性者男性191例(0.16%),女性285例(0.25%),男女相比差异具有统计学意义。检出的单特异性抗体包括:抗-C 24例,抗-c 13例,抗-D 87例,抗-E 103例,抗-e 8例,抗-M 15例,抗-S 7例,抗-Lea32例,抗-Leb26例,抗-P1 18例,抗-Jka26例,抗-Jkb19例,抗-K 7例,抗-Fya15例,抗-Fyb18例;多特异性抗体包括:抗c E 14例,抗-Ce 11例,抗-CD 13例;其余20例未确定抗体特异性。结论相较于国内汉族地区与国外白种人地区的抗体发生及分布数据,新疆地区不同民族的不规则抗体具有与以上两组数据各不相同的自身特点。因此,在输血前对患者进行不规则抗体筛查,对于保证患者临床输血的安全性和有效性具有重要意义。Abstract： Objective To analyze the results of erythrocyte blood group of irregular antibodies on 115 796 patients in Xinjiang province and to provide evidence for clinical safety on scientific blood use through an investigation on the occurrence rate and the distribution characteristics of erythrocyte blood group of irregular antibodies in patients of different ethnicities in Xinjiang. Methods The irregular antibody screening tests （solid-phase method） was applied to screen for blood samples of patients who applied for transfusion from April 2010 to December 2013. Positive antibodies and specificity were identified and analyzed. Results The tests detected 476 cases of positive irregular antibody in a sample size of 115 796, resulting in 0.41% positive, in males, 191 cases （0. 16% ） were positive for irregular antibody, and in females, 285 cases （0. 25% ） were positive. The difference between females and males shows significant statistical difference. Single specific antibodies contained 24 cases of anti-C, 13 cases of anti-c, 87 cases of anti-D, 103 cases of anti-E, 8 cases of anti-e, 15 cases of anti- M, 7 cases of anti-S, 32 cases of anti-Le^a, 26 cases of anti-Le^b, 18 cases of anti-P1,26 cases of anti-Jk^a, 19 cases of anti- Jk^b, 7 cases of anti-K, 15 cases of anti-Fy^a, 18 cases of anti-Fy^b. Multi-specific antibodies contained 14 cases of anti-cE, 11 cases of anti-Ce, 13 cases of anti-CD. The rest of 20 cases were uncertain regarding antibody specificity. Conclusion When comparing to the data from two groups （ Han nationality and Caucasian race outside of China）, the presence and the distribution of irregular antibody in different ethnicities in Xinjiang province show different characteristics. Therefore, the application of irregular antibody screening for patients before transfusion carries significant meaning for insuring safety and effectiveness of clinical transfusion in patients.

关 键 词：血型 新疆 抗体筛查 不规则抗体 全自动血型分析仪 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]