奶牛生产中甲烷(CH_4)减排的研究进展  

Research Progress on Emission-Reduction of Methane(CH_4)in Dairy Cow Production

作　　者：赵静雯[1] 吴慧光[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院,通辽028000 [2]内蒙古民族大学生命科学学院,通辽028000

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2015年第11期3105-3110,共6页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目(31402106);内蒙古民族大学博士启动基金项目(BS313);内蒙古民族大学校级课题项目(NMD1321)

摘　　要：随着人们生活水平的不断提高,中国奶牛养殖数量和规模的不断扩大,奶牛正常的生理活动产生的大量气体(CO2和CH4)对土壤、空气和水造成了日益严重的污染。大气中CO2和CH4等微量气体浓度的增加所导致的温室效应已越来越受到各国的重视。奶牛胃肠道发酵所产生的CH4是牧场温室气体排放的主要来源之一,控制奶牛CH4排放能有效减缓温室气体的排放。因此,在畜牧业生产中,有必要有效降低反刍动物产生的CH4。奶牛生产中CH4的排放涉及饲料营养、瘤胃发酵调控、遗传选择和牧场管理等方面,现针对如何降低奶牛生产中CH4产生的研究情况做简要综述。With the continuous improvement of people＇s living standards,the number and scale of Chinese dairy cow farming continues to expand.A large number of gases（CO2and CH4）which were produced by cows normal physiological activities caused increasingly serious air and water pollution.More and more nations put attention to the greenhouse effect caused by increased atmospheric concentrations of the trace gases CO2 and CH4.The CH4 fermented by dairy cow gastrointestinal tract is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions.The control of methane emissions by dairy cow is a effective method in mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.Therefore,it is necessary to reduce the methane produced by ruminants in the production of animal husbandry.The methane emission in dairy cows production is related to feed nutrition,regulation and control of rumen fermentation,genetic selection and farm management,etc.This paper reviewed literatures on reduction of methane emission in dairy cow industry.

关 键 词：甲烷 奶牛 饲料 遗传 牧场管理 

分 类 号：S851.24[农业科学—预防兽医学]