北极航行治理新规则:形成、发展与未来实践  

New Rules for Arctic Shipping Governance:Formation,Development and Future Practice

作　　者：白佳玉[1] 李俊瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法政学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第6期14-23,共10页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在北极海冰融化、航运活动增加的背景下,国际海事组织耗时数年制定一部专门规范极地水域航行的强制性规则,以实现安全与环保的双重价值追求。北极航行治理新规则经历了从委员会通函、大会决议等软法规则到具备法律约束力的《极地规则》之发展历程。通过对《极地规则》形成与发展过程的研究,可总结出该规则建构的价值基础,目标导向型标准与分阶段战略性目标的运用有助于实现《极地规则》的价值追求。《极地规则》的有效实施不可能依靠单一身份国家的力量,而需要多元身份主体包括沿海国、港口国、船旗国的通力合作,共同见证北极航运业的繁荣。In view of the melting sea ice and the increasing shipping activities in the Arctic Occean, the International Maritime Organization （IMO）developed compulsory rules to govern shipping activities in polar waters. In order to achieve the dual values of safety and environmental protection, the new rules have experienced the long-term development from the soft rules such as circular of committee, general assembly resolutions, to the compulsory rules. A study of the formation and development of the polar code indicates that the construction of the polar code is based on the generally accepted values embodied under the IMO conventions and customary international law. The characteristics of the internal system of the rules, which include the use of new technological concept and strategic objectives, are deeply analyzed in this paper. Besides, the development of the polar code is summarized. In addition, the future practice pattern of polar code is described, whichrelies on the cooperation among coastal, flag, and port states.

关 键 词：极地规则 形成 发展 特点 未来实践 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]