急性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎大鼠模型的建立  

Establishment of a rat model of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

作　　者：阎玉彦[1,2] 赵作涛[3] 刘红刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院病理科头颈部分子病理诊断北京市重点实验室,北京100730 [2]河北省儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,石家庄050031 [3]北京大学第一医院皮肤病与性病科,北京100034

出　　处：《中国真菌学杂志》2015年第5期261-265,278,共6页Chinese Journal of Mycology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81070769)

摘　　要：目的建立稳定且易操作的急性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎大鼠模型,以促进对急性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的实验研究,指导临床。方法将SD大鼠随机分为4组。A组,免疫抑制+右侧鼻腔填塞Merocel海绵条+右侧鼻腔滴入烟曲霉孢子悬液;B组,右侧鼻腔填塞Merocel海绵条+右侧鼻腔滴入烟曲霉孢子悬液;C组,免疫抑制+右侧鼻腔滴入烟曲霉孢子悬液;D组:对照组。A、B、C组大鼠连续3 d鼻内滴入烟曲霉孢子悬液,4组大鼠均于第1次滴菌后第4天处死。取内眦静脉血监测大鼠免疫抑制情况,对鼻部组织行真菌培养和组织病理学观察。结果免疫抑制组大鼠血中性粒细胞明显降低,接种烟曲霉当天中性粒细胞计数<0.1×109/L,其余两组变化不明显。病理结果显示A组90%(9/10)大鼠鼻腔鼻窦组织被烟曲霉侵袭,10%(1/10)肺部可见侵袭;B、C、D组大鼠无鼻部烟曲霉感染,但C组中20%(2/10)大鼠肺部可见烟曲霉侵袭。真菌培养结果显示A组71%(5/7)大鼠鼻部组织烟曲霉培养阳性,其他组均为阴性。结论单纯对大鼠进行免疫抑制或单纯造成大鼠鼻腔堵塞均不易造成大鼠鼻腔被真菌侵袭;免疫抑制基础上,对大鼠鼻腔填塞Merocel海绵条后再滴入烟曲霉可以成功建立急性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎模型,其成模率高,模型稳定,操作简易,有利于对此疾病在免疫、病理、药物等方面的深入研究。Objective To develop a rat model of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis（ AIFR） which is stable and easy to operate in order to promote the basic and clinical researches of AIFR.Methods Sprague-Dawley（ SD） rats were divided randomly into four groups.Immunosuppression,right nasal packing Merocel sponge and nasal inoculation with Aspergillus fumigatus spores were all involved in group A.Only right nasal packing Merocel sponge and nasal inoculation with A.fumigatus spores were involved in group B.Only immunosuppression and nasal inoculation with A.fumigatus spores were involved in group C.No treatment was involved in group D.A.fumigatus was dropped into rat nasal for three consecutive days in group A,B and C.All rats were killed four days after the first fungi intranasal instillation. Hematology,fungal culture and histopathology investigations were performed. Results The neutrophil quantities reduced after immunosupression,and less than 0.1×109/ L on the first administration day of A. fumigatus spores. An AIFR rat model was established successfully only in group A with an incidence rate of 90%（ 9 / 10）.A.fumigatus invasion was also observed in 10%（ 1 / 10） of the lungs in group A and 20%（ 2 / 10） in group C.Positive rates of fungal culture of nasal tissue was about 71%（ 5/7） in group A,while the remaining groups was zero.Conclusion Immunosupression,nasal obstruction,and fungal inoculation were the three essential conditions for successfully developping a stable AIFR rat model. This model is stable,easy to operate,and closely mimics the pathophysiology of anthropic AIFR.It can be used in a further study in immunity,pathology,drug of AIFR.

关 键 词：侵袭性鼻窦炎 烟曲霉 大鼠模型 

分 类 号：R379.6[医药卫生—病原生物学]