库尔勒市强降水天气的环流配置及触发机制分析  

An Analysis of Circulation Background of Heavy Rain Process and Mesoscale Trigger Mechanism in Korla

作　　者：周雪英[1] 彭军[1] 刘杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]巴州气象台,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2015年第5期47-55,共9页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：新疆气象局科学技术研究项目"巴州北部突发性暴雨的中尺度特征分析"资助

摘　　要：利用库尔勒市2005—2013年4—8月逐小时降水量资料分析了当地强降水天气发生的时间、强度特征,从天气预报的角度对强降水天气环流形势进行了分型,找出了产生强降水的触发抬升机制,建立了强降水天气的三种概念模型。研究得到库尔勒强降水影响系统包括低槽或涡东移型、南北低槽汇合型、锋区南压型以及脊前短波槽或西北气流型四类,降水触发机制分为冷锋触发类、干线触发类以及混合触发类三种。结合强降水发生前的影响系统、发生时抬升触发机制和雷暴降水天气形成的动力、水汽、不稳定条件以及强降水落区的显著特征的总结分析,归纳出包括锋区急流类、低涡气旋类以及低槽切变辐合线类三种强降水天气概念模型。Based on the hourly data of precipitation in warm season in Korla, the climate characteristics of occurrence and intensity as well as circulation situations resulting in heavy rain events were analyzed from aspect of weather forecast. The mesoscale of lifting trigger mechanism and the three conceptual model of heavy rain were found. The heavy rain were classified to four influence systems, including east moving trough of low pressure or vortex, the confluent trough from southern and northern, frontal mass south pressing, the short wave trough or southeasterly flow before ridge. There were three trigger mechanisms which were cold-front , dew-point front, the blending type including cold-front and dew-point front. By summary analysis of characteristics of dynamic,water vapor and instability conditions as well as heavy rain distribution, three conceptual models which were jet stream front and low vortex cyclone as well as low trough with shear line or convergence line were concluded.

关 键 词：强降水 环流分型 触发机制 概念模型 

分 类 号：P458.11[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]