沙坡头地区固沙植被对土壤酶活性的影响  

Impact of sand-stabilizing shrubs on soil enzyme activities in Shapotou area

作　　者：虎瑞[1] 王新平[1] 张亚峰[1] 潘颜霞[1] 石薇[1] 金艳霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站,兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第5期676-682,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青年人才成长基金;国家自然科学基金项目(41401341;41371101;41201086)

摘　　要：对腾格里沙漠东南缘沙坡头地区柠条灌丛不同位置（灌丛基部、灌丛间和灌丛外）和土壤深度（0~5 cm和5~10 cm）5种参与碳氮循环土壤酶活性（多酚氧化酶、纤维素酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、硝酸还原酶和脲酶）变化和季节动态特征进行研究.结果表明：柠条灌丛的生长能够增加土壤养分和酶活性,灌丛基部土壤酶活性显著高于灌丛间和灌丛外的,除了β-葡萄糖苷酶外,0~5 cm土壤灌丛间酶活性与灌丛外差异不显著;土壤纤维素酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、硝酸还原酶和脲酶活性随着土壤深度的增加而减少,多酚氧化酶活性在深层土壤中较高;柠条样地土壤酶活性均与土壤pH无明显相关性;5种土壤酶活性表现出明显的季节变化特征：夏季〉秋季〉春季,说明柠条灌丛的生长能够增加土壤养分,促进土壤碳氮循环,在荒漠区退化土壤的修复中起着重要的作用.To reveal and compare soil enzyme activities of sand-stabilizing shrubs,namely,Caragana korshinskii Kom,the seasonal patterns of five different enzymes involved in the carbon cycle（polyphenol oxidase,cellulose,andβ-glucosidase） and nitrogen cycle（nitrate reductase and urease） were evaluated at three positions：at the shrub base（ASB）,beneath the midcanopy（BMC） and in bare intershrub spaces（BIS）,and two soil depths（0~5 cm and5~10 cm）.The results indicated that C.korshinskii shrubs improved soil nutrition and enzyme activities compared with the situation in bare soil.The enzyme activities at ASB were significantly higher than those in BMC and BIS,and no obvious difference was found between enzymse in BMC and BIS at 0~5 cm soil layer,except β-glucosidase.All enzyme activities,except polyphenol oxidase,decreased with increasing soil depths.In the C.korshinskii shrubs sample,there were no significant relationship between soil enzyme activities and soil pH value.The enzyme activities exhibited similar seasonal patterns during the growing season,with relatively high values in summer as compared with other seasons.These results suggested that sand-stabilizing shrubs,such as C.korshinskii,can increase soil nutrition and improve soil properties,thus playing a vital role in soil recovery in a degraded area of a desert ecosystem.

关 键 词：柠条灌丛 土壤养分 土壤酶活性 季节动态 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]