寒旱灌区冻融期冬小麦不同覆盖条件土壤温度变化  

Soil Temperature Changes in Winter Wheat Fileds Under Different Mulch Conditions During Freezing and Thawing Periods in Cold and Dry Irrigation District

作　　者：白巴特尔[1] 郑和祥[1] 任杰[1] 张建成[2] 赵春芝[2] 张培智[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [2]巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究院,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015400

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第6期134-137,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家青年自然科学基金项目(51109144);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2011BAD29B03);中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项(mks1204)

摘　　要：为揭示冻融期冬小麦不同覆盖条件土壤温度变化规律,基于河套灌区冬小麦地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和无覆盖3个试验区的实测土壤温度数据,分析了不同覆盖条件对土壤温度的影响及不同土层的土壤温度变化过程。结果表明:地膜覆盖对冻融期的土壤温度具有较好的增温效果,秸秆覆盖效果稍差;地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖对土壤表土层增温效果较好,随着深度的增加,增温效果逐渐降低;地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖在冻结期对土壤的增温效果最好,融解期的增温效果稍差,冻结稳定期增温效果很小;土壤温度变化过程在冻结期和融解期呈现不同特点,冻结期土壤温度随着土壤深度的增加而升高,融解期随着土壤深度的增加而降低,同时土壤融解速度远大于冻结速度。该研究结果可为寒旱灌区冻融期土壤水热运移提供参考,对冬小麦种植管理具有现实意义。In order to reveal variation of soil temperature of the field during freezing and thawing periods, based on soil temperature data monitored in winter wheat fields with mulch plastic film, straw mulch and no cover mulch in three testing sites in the Hetao Irrigation District, the effects of different mulching types on soil temperature and soil temperature change process in different soil layers were discussed. The results showed that plastic film mulch could enhance soil temperature but straw mulch had less effectiveness on rise of soil temperature in freezing and thawing periods; the effect of soil temperature enhancement was signifi- cant in surface soil and it became less and less with the increase of soil depth under plastic film mulch and straw mulch; the effect of soil temperature enhancement was significant in freezing period and it was not ef- fective in thawing period under plastic film mulch and straw mulch, but the effect of soil temperature en hancement was very slight in stable freezing period; the change process of soil temperature presented the dif ferent characteristics during freezing and thawing periods, soil temperature rose with the increase of soil depth in freezing period, it decreased with increase of the soil depth in thawing period and the melting process was faster than the freezing process. The result was of great significance for the planting management of win- ter wheat and to establish a foundation for the study of the coupled transport of water and heat during freez- ing and thawing periods in cold and dry irrigation district.

关 键 词：土壤温度 覆膜 冬小麦 冻融 寒旱灌区 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S152.8