植被盖度对典型草原区地表风沙流结构及风蚀量影响  

Effect of Vegetation Cover on Sandstorm Structure and Rate of Wind Erosion in Typical Steppe

作　　者：邢恩德[1] 马少薇 郭建英[1] 李锦荣[1] 蓝登明[2] 

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第6期331-334,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费(201301049);国家自然科学基金(41301302;41301303);中国水科院科研专项项目(MK2013J08;MK2014J04)

摘　　要：选择内蒙古锡林郭勒盟典型草原为研究区域,通过风洞模拟试验开展典型草原植被盖度对土壤风蚀的定量化分析研究,旨在探明不同植被盖度下起动风速、地表风沙流结构及风蚀量影响的规律,从而为该地区制定合理的防风固沙技术提供理论依据。结果表明:起动风速随植被盖度的增加而增大;受植被的影响风沙流结构呈跳跃式分布,近地层的输沙率随植被盖度的增加而减小,最大输沙率的高度层随植被盖度的增加不断上移;不同植被盖度下,风速与总输沙量之间均呈幂函数关系,各风速下总输沙量随着植被盖度的增加而减少。The typical steppe in Xilingol League of Inner Mongolia was selected as studied area. The quantitative analysis on the effect of vegetation cover on wind erosion was carried out by means of wind tunnel simulation experi- ment, which aimed at discussing the characteristics of threshold wind velocity, sandstorm structure and rate of wind erosion under different vegetation coverage. The results show that the threshold wind velocity increases with the increase of vegetation coverage. Influenced by vegetation, sandstorm structure presents the leaping distribution. The sand transfer rate decreases with the increase of vegetation coverage in the lower layer, and the height layer of the maximum sand transfer rate increases. The relationship between the total sediment discharge and wind speed follows the power function under different vegetation coverage. The total sediment discharge decreases gradually with the increase of vegetation coverage under the same wind speed. The conclusion will provide the theoretical basis for development of the reasonable sand-fixation technology.

关 键 词：典型草原 风蚀 植被盖度 风洞 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]