狂犬疫苗接种依从性及相关影响因素分析  

Analysis of Vaccination Compliance and Related Factors of Rabies Vaccine

作　　者：于爱玲[1] 吕宝玉[2] 王希[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东黄河医院,山东济南250032 [2]山东省肿瘤医院东院

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2015年第30期4-7,共4页Medical Innovation of China

摘　　要：目的：分析狂犬疫苗注射人群的依从性及相关影响因素,规范狂犬暴露处置流程,提高暴露者依从性,提供防控依据。方法：分析2013年1月-2015年4月间,狂犬病暴露人群3752例接种疫苗Essen（伊森）程序的依从性及其相关影响因素,分析狂犬病的流行特点。结果：15~60岁为狂犬病主要的免疫人群,致伤人群男女性别比为1.26∶1。犬是主要的致伤动物（85.87%）,其他动物致伤人群比例逐年明显增加。3年间总致伤人群数呈上升趋势,致伤高发季节为2~3季度,人群致伤程度Ⅲ度比例逐年上升,3年间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。疫苗注射,完成全程注射率为75.11%,全程注射的依从性低,原因多种,被动免疫制剂注射率为7.4%。结论：及时规范处理伤口,正确全程疫苗注射,必要免疫球蛋白被动免疫,对预防狂犬病死亡有效,应加大狂犬病的健康宣教,提高接种依从性。Objective： To analyze the compliance and related factors of rabies vaccination crowd, standardize the rabies exposure disposal process, improve compliance of exposure, provide prevention and control basis.Method： The compliance and related factors of of Essen program in 3752 cases of rabies exposed population from January 2013 to April 2015 were analyzed and the epidemiological characteristics of rabies also were analyzed.Result： 15- 60 years old was the main immune population, the injured population sex ratio of male to female was 1.26 ： 1.The dog was a major cause of injury of animals （ 85.87% ）, the proportion of other animals in the crowd was significantly increased. The total number of injured people was a rising trend in three years, high incidence of injury season was the 2-3 quarter, the degree IlI proportion of people injured degree increased year by year.The completed entire vaccine injection rate was 75.11%, the full compliance of the whole injection was low and the reasons were various, the injection rate of passive immunization was 7.4%.Conclusion： Timely and standardized treatment of wound, correct full vaccination and when necessary given the immune globulin to passive immunity can prevent the death of rabies effectively, health education should be enhanced to improve the vaccination compliance.

关 键 词：注射狂犬疫苗 依从性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]