小麦间作田微环境变化及其对麦长管蚜种群数量的影响  

The Microclimate Change in Wheat Intercropping Field and Its Effect on Population Quantity of English Grain Aphid

作　　者：解海翠[1] 赵春明[1] 吉志新[1] 温晓蕾[1] 齐慧霞[1] 陈巨莲[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院生命科技学院,河北秦皇岛066600 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《河北科技师范学院学报》2015年第3期63-68,共6页Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学技术研究青年基金项目(项目编号:QN2015076);河北科技师范学院博士研究启动基金项目

摘　　要：为探索小麦(Triticum aestivum)和绿豆(Vigna radiata)间作田微环境变化及其对麦长管蚜(Sitobion avenae)种群数量的影响,本试验设计田间小麦(wheat,W)与绿豆(mung bean,MB)不同行比间作:10∶10(10W∶10MB),12∶6(12W∶6MB),12∶4(12W∶4MB),16∶4(16W∶4MB),小麦单作为对照;利用小气候观测仪器测定麦田中温度、湿度和风速,并调查麦长管蚜种群数量。结果表明:与小麦单作相比,间作还在一定程度提高了麦田的风速和温度,降低了相对湿度,降低了蚜虫种群数量,并且12W∶4MB和16W∶4MB处理蚜量最低。调查期间麦田平均温度与最高温度显著正相关(相关系数0.951),平均温度与相对湿度呈显著负相关(相关系数-0.932),而风速与温、湿度间没有显著相关性。在麦蚜发生高峰期之前,平均温度与蚜量呈显著负相关(相关系数-0.907)。因此,麦豆间作改变了麦田微环境,使其通透性增强,蚜量降低。与其他处理相比,12W∶4MB和16W∶4MB处理的麦田蚜量更低,因此为较理想的麦豆间作模式。To evaluate the effect of wheat（ Triticum aestivum L.） / mung bean（ Vigna radiate） intercropping on micoclimate and population quantity of English grain aphid（ Sitobion avenae）. Wheat（ W） and mung bean（ MB） intercropped were designed by the following different row ratios： 10∶ 10（ 10W∶ 10MB）,12∶ 6（ 12W∶6MB）,12∶ 4（ 12W∶ 4MB）,16∶ 4（ 16W∶ 4MB）,as well as wheat monoculture control. Temperature,humidity and wind speed also were monitored by the microclimate observation apparatus. Population quantity of S. avenae also had been sampling surveyed. The results showed that compared with wheat monoculture,intercropping improved the wind speed and temperature,reduced relative humidity in wheat field,and also reduced aphid quantity,the lowest values in 12W∶ 4MB and 16W∶ 4MB. During experiment period,the average temperature with the highest temperature was positive correlation（ correlation index 0. 951）. The average temperature with relative humidity was negative correlation（ correlation index- 0. 932）. Wind speed with temperature or relative humidity had no correlation. Before peak time of aphid quantity,the average temperature with aphid quantity was negative correlation（ correlation index- 0. 907）. Therefore,wheat / mung bean intercropping changed the microclimate in field,enhanced permeability and reduced aphid quantity. Compared with other treatments,lower aphid quantity was found in 12W∶ 4MB and 16W∶ 4MB,that is better intercropping patter.

关 键 词：小麦 间作田 微环境 蚜量 

分 类 号：S435.122[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]