边际效应对带状套作大豆表型和产量的影响  

Marginal effect on phenotypic plasticity of strip cropping soybean

作　　者：邹俊林[1] 刘卫国[1] 袁晋[1] 罗玲[1] 蒋涛[2] 邓榆川[1] 陈雪飞[1] 杨晨雨[1] 杨文钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川成都611130 [2]西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2015年第5期661-668,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31201170);四川省科技厅育种攻关项目

摘　　要：选用结荚习性不同的3个大豆品种(系),以大豆等行距单作和带状单作为对照,研究玉米-大豆带状套作下边际效应对大豆表型和产量的影响。结果表明,玉米-大豆带状套作下边际效应对大豆苗期和成熟期植株主茎长、平均节间长产生正向效应,对节数、茎粗、地上部生物量(或茎干重)产生负向效应;受综合边际效应—边际劣势影响,带状套作大豆的有效分枝数、主茎荚数、分枝荚数、单株粒数、百粒重、单株产量等性状均发生负向效应。在玉米-大豆带状套作中,大豆植株平均节间长和主茎荚数的边际效应指数(绝对值)大,表型可塑性强;就品种类型而言,无限型大豆较亚有限型和有限型大豆的边际效应指数(绝对值)更大,表型可塑性更强。相关分析表明,单株产量的边际效应指数与苗期平均节间长的边际效应指数显著负相关,与苗期地上部生物量及有效分枝数、分枝荚数、单株粒数等的边际效应指数显著正相关。在玉米—大豆带状套作中,玉米收后大豆的边际优势难以弥补与玉米共生期间(苗期)的边际劣势,因此,选用边际效应敏感度低、表型可塑性弱的大豆品种有利于提高大豆产量。In order to explore the influence of marginal effect on soybean phenotype and yield,3 soybean cultivars with different podding habits were planted under monocropping and maize- soybean relay strip intercropping pattern. Results showed that relay strip intercropping effected positively to main stem length,average internode length,but negatively to node number,stem diameter,above- ground biomass（ stem dry weight） of soybean at seedling stage and maturity stage. Effective branches,main stem pod,branch pod,seed per plant,100- seed weight,yield per plant of relay strip intercropping soybean were affected negatively by the result of comprehensive marginal effect（ marginal disadvantage）. In maize- soybean relay strip intercropping,the larger the average internode length,pods of main stem and marginal effect index there were,the stronger the phenotypic plasticity they showed. In terms of cultivars,phenotypic plasticity and marginal effect of inderminate soybean were more significant than those in semideterminate and determinate soybean. Correlation analysis showed that marginal effect index of yield per plant was significantly negatively correlated to marginal effect index of average internode length,significantly positively correlated to marginal effect index of above- ground biomass（ at seedling stage）,effective branches,branch pods,and seed per plant. Marginal advantage after maize harvested could hardly make up marginal disadvantage during symbiotic period in maize- soybean relay strip intercropping pattern. Therefore,soybean cultivars with weaker phenotypic plasticity and less responsive degree to marginal effect could improve soybean yield under relay strip intercropping.

关 键 词：大豆 带状种植 边际效应 表型可塑性 产量 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学]