高校体育馆火灾人员疏散优化模拟  

Simulation on fire safety evacuation optimization about university gymnasium

作　　者：赵国敏[1] 赵云凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学能源与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2015年第11期1440-1442,共3页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51108297)

摘　　要：对高校体育馆火灾和人员疏散特征进行分析,以某高校体育馆为例设定篮球比赛典型活动场景下的人员安全疏散进行模拟分析,结合FDS建立体育馆火灾模拟模型并通过模拟结果确定疏散时的火灾参数。利用Pathfinder进行人员疏散模拟,结果表明:虽然人群疏散时间小于规定的达到危险状态的安全时间,但人员在疏散过程中的路径、出口选择都未能达到最优。通过优化疏散条件,提出切实可行的安全疏散设计方案,重新模拟后人群疏散时间缩短并且各出口流量比较均衡,疏散效率大大提高。On the basis of the analysis on fire characteristic and personal evacuation property of university gymnasium, taking a university gymnasium during basketball game as an example, the authors carried out the evacuation simulation analysis. This study established a stadium fire simulation model combined with FDS and the fire parameters of evacuation was determined by the simulation results. The simulation by Pathfinder showed that：although the crowd evacuation time was shorter than the prescribedcritical safety time, the path and export of evacua- tion process were not the optimal choice. By optimizing the e- vacuation conditions, the feasible safety evacuation design scheme was put forward. Further simulation showed that the crowd evacuation time was shorter and the outlet flow of each exit was average, the efficiency of evacuation was improved greatly.

关 键 词：体育馆 火灾 安全疏散:FDS模拟 PATHFINDER 模拟 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU245.2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]