贵州旱地菜-菜-菜模式对土壤微生物区系和氮素养分的影响  

Effects on Soil Microbial Flora and Nitrogen of Cropping Mode of Vegetables-VegetablesVegetables for Three Crops a Year in Dryland of Guizhou

作　　者：孟平红[1] 郭惊涛[1] 李桂莲[1] 杨军 李从信 肖厚军 

机构地区：[1]贵州省园艺研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]清镇市蔬菜工作办公室,贵州清镇551400 [3]大方县农牧局,贵州大方551600 [4]贵州省土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第5期1946-1950,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家星火计划重大项目"贵州高原生态蔬菜高效生产技术集成示范及推广"(2012GA820001);贵州省科技重大专项"贵州省特色作物科特派‘万元田’科技示范工程"[黔科合重大专项字(2011)6001];"科技特派员蔬菜‘321’高效种植技术集成与示范"[黔科合重大专项字(2013)6061-1]

摘　　要：为探讨贵州旱地菜-菜-菜一年三熟高效种植模式对土壤微生物区系和氮素养分的影响,对大方县连续3年蔬菜高效种植模式下的土壤微生物区系和氮素养分的变化进行分析。结果表明：与农民传统模式相比,蔬菜高效种植模式短期内（3 a左右）土壤微生物总数增加2.44~2.92倍,细菌总数占微生物总数的百分率净增加0.09%~0.21%,土壤全氮、硝态氮无明显差异,碱解氮有增加的趋势,平均增加9.0%~50.6%,土壤脲酶活性无明显差异。两种种植模式下土壤铵态氮与脲酶活性在一定范围内有较好的相关性（R2=0.706~0.940）。In order to explore the effects of the efficient planting mode vegetables-vegetables-vegetables three times a year on soil microbial flora and nitrogen nutrients in dryland of Guizhou,the authors analyzed the changes in microbial flora and nitrogen nutrients under vegetable efficient planting mode for three consecutive years in Dafang County. Results： Compared with the traditional planting model of farmers,the total number of soil microbes increased by 2. 44- 2. 92 times in the short term（ about 3 years） under the vegetable efficient planting mode,percentage of the total bacteria in the total number of microorganisms net increased by 0. 09 %- 0. 21 %,soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen had no significant difference,the basic nitrogen tends to increase with an average increase of 9. 0 %- 50. 6 %,the urease activity had no significant difference. Between the two planting modes,the ammonium nitrogen and soil urease activity within a certain range had a good correlation（ R2= 0. 706- 0. 940）.

关 键 词：种植模式 土壤微生物区系 土壤酶活性 氮养分 贵州 一年三熟 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学] S15[农业科学—园艺学]