年份气温差异对野生型和转OsPIN1a基因水稻胚乳发育及种子萌发的影响  

Effects of Different Air Temperature in Different Cropping Years on Development of Seed Endosperm and Germination Characteristics in‘Over-expression Os PIN1a' and Wild Type Rice

作　　者：冯芳玖 李静婷[1] 郭丹凤[1] 王海[1] 钱英 莫亿伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生命科学学院,浙江绍兴312000 [2]绍兴市柯桥区农业技术培训学校,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第11期2198-2207,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31071353);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY14C130003);绍兴文理学院科研启动费(20135004);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203081)

摘　　要：为了探讨孕穗和灌浆期高温对水稻胚乳发育和种子萌发影响及Os PIN1a在高温下的作用,以超表达Os PIN1a和野生型水稻为材料,分别比较高温年份(2013年)和正常年景(2014年)下稻穗的相对含水量、结实率及种子的千粒重、发芽率、发芽势和胚乳细胞充实程度等。结果显示:2种水稻的稻穗相对含水量均呈现出开花前最高、盛花当天最低、花后再增加的规律;高温胁迫年份显著降低稻穗相对含水量、结实率,还降低了种子的千粒重、发芽势、发芽率、淀粉酶活性及子代乳苗根系活力;正常年景下,水稻淀粉体排列紧密,淀粉粒呈规则的多面体,而高温胁迫年份下淀粉体发育不良,出现圆形或不规则的多面体;在高温年份下,转基因水稻稻穗相对含水量、结实率、TCC还原力以及胚乳充实程度均高于野生型。试验表明,高温胁迫引起稻穗水分胁迫,使水稻胚乳发育不良,充实程度降低并影响种子萌发;超表达Os PIN1a的水稻在孕穗期与灌浆期对高温胁迫的耐性优于野生型。本研究可为解析高温胁迫对水稻胚乳发育影响及Os PIN1a基因作用提供理论依据。To analyze the effects of high temperature stress at heading and booting stages on development of rice endosperm and seed germination characteristics in different years,and the function of Os PIN1 a. Two rice cultivars of wild-type rice Zhonghua 11 and Over-expression OsPIN1a（ Indica） were used in this study. Relative water content in ears,seeds setting percent, seed 1000- grains weight, germination rate, germination energy, the structure of endosperm cells and some physiological parameters relate to seedling growth were observed to compare high temperature（ 2013） and normal temperature（ 2014）. Results showed that the relative water content in ears of rice from the time of heading to booting was high before flowering,and then low in that day of flowering,but after flowering the relative water content was increased to high content,high temperature stress significantly decreased the relative water content from the time of heading to booing,especially in that day of flowering. High temperature stress significantly decreased seedsetting percent and 1000- grains weight,germination rate,germination energy,the activitles of amylase and offspring seedling root. Starch granules accumulated in endosperm cells stacked densely and showed a regular polyhedral shape under normal temperature. However,accumulation process of starch in endosperm cells was delayed and starch granules did not show regular shape in high temperature stress. However,the relative water content in ears,seed-setting percent,endosperm development,TCC reduced power in primary root of Over-expression Os PIN1 awere higher and better than wild type rice under high temperature stress. It was suggested that high temperature stress caused to water stress of rice spike,and affected endosperm development and seeds germination. In addition,over-expression the gene of Os PIN1 a gene can decrease high temperature stress during the stages of heading and booting and promote seed germination. This study can provide scientific and reasonable basis for that hi

关 键 词：水稻 种植年份 高温 胚乳发育 发芽势 发芽率 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]