城乡一体化建设的私法原则  

The principle of private law in the construction of urban and rural integration

作　　者：郭明瑞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学,济南250100 [2]烟台大学法学院

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第6期37-45,共9页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：山东大学人文社会科学重大研究项目“城乡一体化中的私法问题”(13RWZD08)

摘　　要：私法在城乡一体化建设中有重要作用。在城镇化中保护农民权益应坚持平等、自愿、公平原则。平等原则是现代法治的要求。平等原则要求农民与城市居民具有平等的法律地位,享受平等的权利,受法律平等保护。对农民享有的房屋所有权和土地使用权予以差别对待,对农民的财产权利的权能予以限制等规定和做法,既违反平等原则,也不符合改革的要求。自愿原则的核心内容是自主权。凡涉及农民利益的事项,应由其自主决定。自愿以自由为前提,自由是自愿的表现。有了农民的自由,经济就有活力。只有使城镇化成为农民的自愿行为才能实现预期目标,政府在城镇化中应发挥引导作用而非起主导作用。公平也就是正义,是法律的一般价值。在城镇化中特别应重视交易中的公平,不能限制资源的市场交易价格。基于社会公共利益的需要,有必要对某些农民的权利行使自由予以合理的限制,但这种限制不是利益的剥夺,必须对受限制而会失去利益的农民予以合理补偿。Private law plays an important role in the integration of urban and rural areas.In the protection of the rights and interests of the farmers in the urbanization should adhere to equality, voluntary and fair principle.The principle of equality is the request of the modern rule of law.The equality principle requires that the farmers and the city residents have equal legal status,enjoy the equal rights,and protected by the equality of law.Differently treating the farmers ’ housing ownership and land use rights as well as setting restrictions on the power of property rights of farmers not only violates the principle of equality,but also does not conform to the reform of the requirements.The core content of the voluntary principle is autonomy.The matters concerned the interests of the farmers should be determined by their own initiative.Freedom is the premise and freedom is the manifestation of voluntary.With the freedom of the farmers,the economy has the vigor.Only by making the voluntary behavior of the farmers can realize the expected target,and the government should play a guiding role instead of the leading role in the urbanization.Justice is the general value of law.In the urbanization,governments should pay special attention to the fair in the transaction,and they cannot limit the resources market transaction price.Based on the needs of public interests,it is necessary to give farmers freedom and set reasonable restrictions.This restriction is not a deprivation.For the farmers who lose the interests,reasonable compensation should be paid.

关 键 词：城镇化 农民权益 平等原则 自愿原则 公平原则 

分 类 号：F299.21[经济管理—国民经济] D923[政治法律—民商法学] D921[政治法律—法学]