甜菜生育期叶面营养调节对其产量和含糖率作用的研究  

Effects of foliage spray at different growth stages on yield and sugar content of sugarbeet

作　　者：邵科[1] 马靖靖[1] 李国龙[1] 邵世勤[1] 张少英[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学甜菜生理研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第5期77-82,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31260347);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-210304)

摘　　要：为提高甜菜的含糖量,设置了甜菜不同生育阶段叶面喷施营养液提高其含糖量的效果试验。两年田间试验结果表明：叶丛快速生长期,以喷施KH2PO4＋ZnSO4或KH2PO4＋MgSO4营养液作用显著,增产8.88%~9.30%,提高含糖率0.51~0.55个百分点（糖度）,增加产糖量12.53%~13.25%;块根及糖分增长期,以喷施KH2PO4＋Na2B4O7或KH2PO4＋MnSO4营养液作用显著,增产5.89%~6.90%,提高含糖率0.85~1.04个百分点（糖度）,增加产糖量12.31%~12.39%。其增产、增糖处理之作用与提高其光合性能,改善氮、磷和核酸营养水平,促进叶丛中糖分的积累与转化等有关,从而有利于块根的增长和糖分积累。为此,甜菜生育前期喷施KH2PO4＋ZnSO4和生育后期喷施KH2PO4＋Na2B4O7,是提高甜菜产量和含糖率的有效途径之一。Foliage spray on sugarbeet（ Beta vulgaris L.） at different growth stages was studied in a two years field experiment. The results showed that during the period of leaves rapid growth,spraying KH2PO4 and ZnSO4 or KH2PO4 and MgSO4 had a significant effect; the yield,sugar content and sugar yield were respectively increased by 8. 88% ~ 9. 30%,0. 51% ~0. 55% and 12. 53% ~ 13. 25% respectively. In the root and sugar growth period, spraying KH2PO4 and Na2B4O7or KH2PO4 and Mn SO4 also had a significant effect; the yield, sugar content and sugar yield were increased by 5. 89% ~6. 90%,0. 85% ~ 1. 04% and 12. 31% ~ 12. 39%. This indicated that foliage spray was helpful for improving the efficiency of photosynthesis and the nutrient level of nitrogen,phosphorus and nucleic acid,promoting accumulation and transformation of sugar in foliage,so as to increasing yield and sugar content. It was concluded that spraying KH2PO4 and ZnSO4 during the period of leaves rapid growth and spraying KH2PO4 and Na2B4O7in the root and sugar growth period were proved to be very effective for increasing yield and sugar content.

关 键 词：甜菜 生育期 叶面营养调节 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]