小型生物质铡碎料直燃热水锅炉的设计和实验  

Design and experiments of a small scale hot-water boiler using chopped biomass directly

作　　者：高振强[1] 罗冰[1] 孙鹏[1] 李永军[1] 闸建文[1] 何芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学能源与动力工程系,山东淄博255049

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2015年第6期263-266,共4页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51076087);山东省中青年科学家奖励基金(BS2010NJ015)

摘　　要：生物质散料密度低,作为锅炉燃料应用不便;生物质成型燃料的密度高,适于锅炉燃烧但加工能耗大;园林废弃物铡碎料的密度适中且加工能耗低。本文设计、搭建20kW小型生物质铡碎料直燃热水锅炉。该锅炉由螺旋给料机构和锅炉本体构成,采用固定炉排设计。料斗内两个同向旋转的防架桥拨料辊和螺旋绞龙配合使用,防止燃料架桥。铡碎料燃料层具有一定的刚性,在螺旋给料机的推动下整体向后移动,与链条炉内燃料的运动特性相似。试验结果表明：喂料系统运行稳定,可通过调速电机在4~8kg·h^-1范围内微调;锅炉效率70%左右;烟尘排放符合国家标准GB13271—2001。The low density of raw biomass makes it unfit for boiler combustion.Biomass briquettes have high density and are fit for boiler combustion,but its processing energy consumption is high.The chopped biomass of garden waste has medium energy density and needs little energy for processing,thus it is a good compromise.A 20 kW hot-water boiler using chopped biomass directly was designed and manufactured.The boiler consists of a screw feeder,a furnace,and a fixed grate.Two dialing rotors which roll in the same direction were also used to avoid fuel bridging.The whole fuel bed was pushed along the fixed grate by the screw and its motion is similar to that in a conveyor stoker.Experimental results show that the performance of feeding system is stable,the feeding rate could be controlled in the range of 4to 8kg·h^-1;the thermal efficiency of the boiler is about 70%,and the soot emission of this boiler meets the requirements of the national standard（GB13271—2001）.

关 键 词：生物质 铡碎料燃料 螺旋给料机 固定炉排 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]