基于平顶锥形传感器的光伏组件方位检测系统  

Orientation detecting system of photovoltaic component based on conical sensor with flat top

作　　者：张海昇[1] 韩春成 王斌 王立地[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学信息与电气工程学院,沈阳市110866 [2]辽宁省鞍山供电公司,辽宁鞍山114200

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2015年第6期281-285,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ26B01);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201202191)

摘　　要：在传统四象限探测器光伏跟踪装置的基础上,设计一种采用平顶锥形传感器的光伏组件方位检测系统。本系统的光照检测元件使用光敏电阻。光敏电阻的布局为立体三维分布方式。与四象限探测器的二维平面分布相比,本系统由对有、无光照的检测改变为对光照强度的检测,利用平顶锥形传感器顶部设置的光敏元件,实现检测光照的整体强度,并在不同的强度下采取相应的措施。系统选用的控制器为STM32F103ZE单片机,执行器为步进电机,通过联轴器等固定光伏极板,单片机通过分析输入的信号控制步进电机,实现太阳光的自动跟踪。本系统可以实现太阳光方位与高度角检测并跟踪,有效的降低系统运行功耗,减少机械结构的损耗,光照检测动态范围增加、结构简单、性能稳定的特点。在光伏组件自动跟踪系统中具有潜在的应用价值。The system was designed based on the four quadrant detector photovoltaic tracking device.The photosensitive resistor was applied as the light detecting element,and it was arranged as three-dimensional distribution type.Compared with the planar distribution of four quadrant detector,the system can detect the light intensity instead of on or off.By the photosensitive element that arranged at the top of the conical transducer,the detection of the overall light intensity was realized,and the appropriate measures can be taken at different intensities.STM32F103 ZE microcontroller was used as control core,stepping motor was applied as executing part,and the coupling was used to fix photovoltaic panels.The stepper motor was controlled by single-chip computer to realize the automatic solar tracking.In this system,the sun azimuth and elevation angle detection and tracking can be achieved.The power consumption and the mechanical loss can be reduced effectively.This system could increase the light detection dynamic range,has simple structure and stable performance,et al,which has potential application value in the automatic tracking system of the PV module.

关 键 词：方位检测 自动跟踪 平顶锥形 单片机 步进电机 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]