表观遗传之染色质重塑  

Chromatin Remodeling in Epigenetics

作　　者：丁健[1] 王飞[1] 金景姬[1] 蔡勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学生命科学学院,长春130012

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2015年第11期994-1002,共9页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31071131;31171245);中国科学院生物物理研究所生物大分子国家重点实验室开放课题(O5SY02110A;2012kf04)~~

摘　　要：真核细胞中的染色质重塑因子种类繁多,多数以蛋白多聚体的形式存在于细胞中.不同的染色质重塑因子在特定时间定位于特定的核小体上,通过改变染色质结构,影响基因转录活性,进而确保细胞内各种生物学过程的正确运行.另外,染色质重塑因子根据所含功能结构域的不同,大致分为SWI/SNF、ISWI、CHD和INO80四大家族,不同的染色质重塑因子之间既有蛋白质结构和酶活性的相似性,各自又有其特异性.本综述的宗旨在于全面概括和总结染色质重塑因子的分类、结构特点以及其在细胞内的生物学功能,为深入研究染色质重塑因子的生物学功能,尤其是在发育和疾病发生中的作用机制提供理论基础.Eukaryotic cells contain a wide range of chromatin remodeling factors that mostly exist in the form of multi-subunit protein complexes. To initiate or maintain a specific cellular process, different chromatin remodeling complexes localize to particular nucleosome at certain times, resulting in the alteration of chromatin structure and gene transcription activity. Among all the chromatin remodeling factors, some structural and functional similarities could be found. However, most chromatin remodeling factors also have their own specific domains that allow them to exert diverse regulating effects. According to the different functional domains they contain, chromatin remodeling factors can be divided into four subfamilies： SWI/SNF, ISWI, CHD and INOS0. This review will focus on the recent advances in chromatin remodeling research concerning the classification, structure, and biological function of chromatin remodeling factors in the cell, as well as lay the foundation for further illustration of chromatin remodeling processes in organism development and disease occurrence.

关 键 词：染色质重塑 核小体滑动 组蛋白变异体置换 基因转录 

分 类 号：Q71[生物学—分子生物学]