2012-2014年山东省济南市布鲁氏菌病流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis on brucellosis in Jinan City, Shandong Province from 2012 to 2014

作　　者：隋庆梅[1] 宋晓雁[1] 赵梦娇[1] 许华茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第22期4047-4049,4059,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析山东省济南市2012-2014年人间布鲁氏菌病疫情变化趋势、流行病学特征,为有效控制人间布病疫情提供科学依据。方法对2012-2014年的布病确诊病例进行流行病学调查。结果 2012-2014年该市共报告布病病例395例,发病率从2012年的0.78/10万上升到2014年的3.11/10万。济南市10个县市区均有病例,主要集中在章丘市、商河县、历城区、长清区、济阳县。贫困山区呈片状流行,病人症状典型,有明显的接触史,通过消化道感染途径增多。全年都有发病,有明显的夏季高峰。流行菌型为羊种3型;3~86岁均有发病,以30~59岁年龄段发病最多,共284例,占总数的71.90%（284/395）。男女发病比例为2.56∶1。农民发病343例,占总数的86.84%（343/395）。结论济南市布病疫情呈上升趋势,以夏秋季发病增长为主,患者以中老年男性农民居多,感染途径呈多样化,传染源没有彻底清除,外来家畜未得到有效检疫,从业人员自我防护意识淡薄等是疫情上升的主要原因。Objective This work was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and epidemic trends of brucellosis in Jinan City,2012-2014, in order to provide evidence for specific preventive strategies in future. Methods Epidemiological investigation was conducted for confirmed cases of 2012~2014 using uniform case survey questionnaire and the survey data were analyzed. Results395 cases were diagnosed as brucellosis in Jinan city from 2012 to 2014 and the incidence had increased from 0.48/100, 000 to0.78/100, 000 in 2012. Confirmed cases were found in all 10 districts and counties. The cases mainly distributed in Zhang Qiu Shang He, Li Cheng, Chan Qing and Ji Yang. The distribution of cases in impoverished mountainous areas presented a sheet-style.Patients developed characteristic symptoms and had a history of contact with ill animals or patients. The number of cases infected by eating increased. Cases were reported every month and peaked in summer. People aged 3 to 86 were all affected. People aged from30 to 59 years old were the most susceptible, accounting for 71.9%（284/395）. The ratio of male to female was 2.56：1, and farmer cases accounted for 86.84%（343/395）. Conclusion Brucellosis epidemic of Jinan showed an upward trend, and summer and autumn cases made the main contribution. Old male farmers formed the majority of the patients, and routes of transmission were diversified. It was believed that the epidemic was primarily due to incompetent quarantine of imported livestock and poor awareness of self-protection among high-risk occupational groups.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]