干热岩地热能研究与开发的若干重大问题  

Major Issues of Research and Development of Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy

作　　者：李德威[1] 王焰新[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学环境学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2015年第11期1858-1869,共12页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(Nos.1212011121246;1212011220400);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41172188);油气资源与探测国家重点实验室开放基金项目(No.KFKT2010-5)

摘　　要：在大陆动力学和地球系统动力学创新思想指导下,干热岩地热能的开发将对未来的能源革命和工业革命起到关键的作用,然而目前干热岩地质理论研究十分薄弱.从地质学和经济学的角度讨论干热岩的定义;以大陆盆山热构造系统为基础,提出地热能综合分类方案;根据岩石流变学和构造物理学理论,探讨在固态、半固态流变环境下干热岩的构造岩石系统;在活动盆山构造系统地壳四维非均匀流变思想指导下,探讨干热岩的分布规律和形成机理;提出将地球系统动力学的思想贯穿到干热岩及其关联的资源、灾害、环境、工程地质的调查研究与应用的各个环节之中,并建议在华北、青藏高原及其邻区、东南沿海、台湾4种不同类型的热构造活动区进行联合勘查、综合评价与系统开发.Development of hot dry rock geothermal energy under the guidance of continental dynamics and earth system dynamics plays a key role in the ongoing energy revolution and industrial revolution.However,theoretical study on the hot dry rock geology is still very weak.In this paper,we discuss the definition of hot dry rock from the perspectives of geology and economics,propose a comprehensive classification of geothermal energy based on basin-orogen thermal tectonic system,and analyze the tectonic and petrological system of hot dry rocks in the solid and semi-solid rheological behavior according to rock rheology and tectonophysics.Under the guidance of four-dimensional non-uniform rheological property of active basin-orogen tectonic system,the spatial distribution and mechanism of hot dry rocks are discussed.It is suggested that the theories of earth system dynamics should be integrated in theoretical and applied studies of hot dry rock within the framework of related earth resources,geohazards,geoenvironments and engineering geology.In addition,an integrated exploration,assessment and development of hot dry rock geothermal energy should be carried out in the North China,the Tibetan plateau and its adjacent areas,the coast regions of Southeast China and Taiwan,which respectively belong to four different types of tectonically active geothermal units.

关 键 词：干热岩 非均匀流变 联合勘查 综合开发 地热 地球系统动力学. 

分 类 号：P51[天文地球—地质学]